{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T14:09:34Z","timestamp":1778681374590,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778630400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Scientific Research Project of Jiangsu Provincial Health Commission","award":["K2024084"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K2024084"]}]},{"name":"Scientific Research Project of Jiangsu Provincial Health Commission","award":["JSZJ20241204"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JSZJ20241204"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Prolonged hospitalization after endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery for non-functioning pituitary adenomas increases costs and complications. Early identification of high-risk patients is crucial for optimizing perioperative management. Methods: In this dual-center retrospective study of 368 patients, a predictive model was developed using a training cohort (n = 268). Prolonged length of stay was defined as \u226575th percentile (\u226516 days). LASSO regression selected features from clinical, radiological, and perioperative variables. Independent predictors from multivariable logistic regression were dichotomized via ROC analysis and integrated into a nomogram. Model performance was assessed internally and validated externally (n = 100). Results: Six independent predictors were identified: age &gt; 50 years, vertical tumor diameter &gt; 17.8 mm, anteroposterior diameter &gt; 20.5 mm, transverse diameter &gt; 17.8 mm, anesthesia duration &gt; 194 min, and systolic blood pressure &gt; 119 mmHg. The nomogram showed moderate but reproducible discrimination (AUC = 0.762 in training; 0.750 in validation). Calibration and decision curve analysis confirmed good fit and clinical utility. Conclusion: We developed and validated a practical nomogram predicting prolonged hospitalization risk using readily available perioperative variables. This tool may assist individualized risk stratification and perioperative planning in comparable clinical settings, with potential implications for patient flow and resource utilization.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers18101582","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T12:46:55Z","timestamp":1778676415000},"page":"1582","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Prediction of Extended Hospital Length of Stay in Patients After Endoscopic Endonasal Transsphenoidal Surgery for the Resection of Non-Functioning Pituitary Adenomas: A Dual-Center Retrospective Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Bibo","family":"Gao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Junjian","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5668-7241","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiao","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People\u2019s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shilong","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, The First People\u2019s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650500, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Congcong","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, The First People\u2019s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650500, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Changsen","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The First People\u2019s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650500, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bingchan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People\u2019s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2820-1982","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anquan","family":"Shang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Lianyungang Clinical College of Nantong University, Lianyungang 222000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ning","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Zhuji Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhuji <sans-serif>312000<\/sans-serif>, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jianguo","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Yancheng Tinghu District People\u2019s Hospital, Yancheng 224000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"933\u2013940, discussion 940\u2013941","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000137330.02549.0D","article-title":"Endoscopic Endonasal Transsphenoidal Surgery","volume":"55","author":"Cappabianca","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2024.108172","article-title":"Endonasal Endoscopic Surgery for Pituitary Adenomas","volume":"237","author":"Desai","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin. 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