{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T09:04:45Z","timestamp":1781687085889,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781568000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a rare disease in children and adolescents. Discrepancies have been reported regarding the outcomes of adolescents, most of whom have been studied with younger or older patients not separately. Methods: The International Registry of Pediatric CML (I-CML-Ped Study) retrospectively and prospectively enrolled 614 patients less than 18 years old. Data from adolescents (15\u201318 years) with CML in chronic phase (CML-CP) were analyzed and compared to data from children less than 15 years old enrolled during the same period. Results: In total, 132 out of 144 adolescents presented with CML-CP: palpable spleen was reported in 67%, and the median leukocyte count was 181 G\/L [interquartile range, 70\u2013327]. Responses to treatment and outcome were analyzed in 124 adolescents with imatinib as first-line treatment: the cumulative incidence of major molecular responses (MMR) at months 12 and 36 was 33.4% (95% confidence interval CI, 24.9\u201341.9) and 79.8% (95% CI, 71.8\u201387.7), respectively. With a median follow-up of 4 years (95% CI: 3.5\u20134.9), 49 (40%) of these 124 patients were switched to another treatment, 11 (9%) patients progressed to the advanced phase, and the five-year overall survival rate was 95.2% (95% CI, 90.8\u201399.9%). We did not find significant statistical differences between these adolescents and younger children receiving imatinib in terms of response (complete cytogenetic response, MMR) and outcome (progression-free survival, overall survival). Conclusions: Response to treatment and outcomes in adolescents with CML-CP in the tyrosine kinase inhibitor era are satisfying without statistically significant difference from results observed in younger children.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers18121959","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T01:58:38Z","timestamp":1781661518000},"page":"1959","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Characteristics and Outcomes of Adolescents (15\u201318 Years) with Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML) in Chronic Phase: The Experience of the International Registry of Childhood CML"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8912-4776","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric","family":"Millot","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Inserm CIC 1402, University Hospital, 86000 Poitiers, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-7316-6878","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Morgane","family":"Froment","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University Hospital Poitiers, 86000 Poitiers, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-0547-7874","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lisa","family":"Durocher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inserm CIC 1402, University Hospital, 86000 Poitiers, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4523-1676","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Markus","family":"Metzler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, 10 University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2449-539X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Barbara","family":"De Moerloose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3696-9852","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silvia Regina","family":"Brandalise","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boldrini\u2019s Children Center, Campinas 13083-210, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Borisevich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Belarusian Research Centre for Paediatric Oncology, Haematology and Immunology, 223053 Minsk, Belarus"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petr","family":"Sedlacek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Motol, Charles University, 150 06 Prague, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adalet","family":"Meral Gunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Hospital G\u00f6r\u00fckle, Nil\u00fcfer 16120, Bursa, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5306-0774","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Birgitte","family":"Lausen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rigshospitalet, National University Hospital, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-0329-7652","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio","family":"Molines Honrubia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Hematology, CHU Insular Materno-Infantil Las Palmas De Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gordana","family":"Jakovljevic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Children\u2019s Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Birgitta","family":"Versluys","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Wilhelmina Children\u2019s Hospital\/UMC Utrecht, 3584 EA Utrecht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1174-5799","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Krzysztof","family":"Kalwak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Hraskova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Oncology, University Children\u2019s Hospital, 833 40 Bratislava, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9522-8838","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meinolf","family":"Suttorp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Hemato-Oncology, Medical Faculty, Technical University Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2004-2473","article-title":"Clinical and biological features at diagnosis in 40 children with chronic myeloid 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