{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T10:10:10Z","timestamp":1788775810274,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,6]],"date-time":"2026-09-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788652800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Evidence regarding long-term outcomes among offspring following maternal or paternal exposure to BCR::ABL1 tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) is limited. We described pregnancy outcomes and offspring health through adolescence and early adulthood in a single-centre cohort of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Methods: This retrospective, descriptive cohort study included patients with chronic-phase CML who experienced a pregnancy, or whose partner experienced a pregnancy, in association with TKI exposure and for whom longitudinal offspring follow-up was available. Long-term offspring outcomes were ascertained from detailed obstetric and pediatric medical records supplemented by parental reports. Fourteen patients (nine women and five men) contributed 21 pregnancy events and 23 live-born offspring, including two twin pregnancies in the paternal-exposure group. Results: In the maternal-exposure group, median gestational age at delivery was 38.0 weeks (range, 35\u201340), and four of 15 deliveries were preterm. In the paternal-exposure group, median gestational age was 39.0 weeks (range, 38\u201341), with no preterm deliveries. Median offspring follow-up was 252 months (range, 212\u2013295), extending through adolescence and into early adulthood. One offspring had a primum atrial septal defect that was surgically corrected. No additional clinically documented major abnormalities in growth or developmental progress were identified during available follow-up. Given the small cohort, these observations were interpreted descriptively and were not considered evidence of equivalence with population-level rates. Conclusions: This small retrospective cohort provides unusually long observational follow-up of offspring after selected maternal or paternal TKI exposures. The findings are clinically informative but cannot establish reproductive safety or exclude rare adverse outcomes. Larger multicentre registries using standardized long-term developmental, neurocognitive, and endocrine assessments are needed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers18172885","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T09:23:37Z","timestamp":1788773017000},"page":"2885","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Long-Term Offspring Outcomes Following Parental Exposure to BCR::ABL1 Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: A Retrospective Cohort Study with Follow-Up to 24.6 Years"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3993-7947","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S\u00e1ndor","family":"P\u00e1l","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of P\u00e9cs Medical School, 7622 P\u00e9cs, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"software","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"validation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"visualization","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6667-6263","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Margit","family":"Solym\u00e1r","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of P\u00e9cs Medical School, 7622 P\u00e9cs, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"validation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"resources","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"visualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"project-administration","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4609-487X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hussain","family":"Alizadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1st Department of Medicine, University of P\u00e9cs Medical School, 7622 P\u00e9cs, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"validation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"resources","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"supervision","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"project-administration","vocabulary":"credit"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1053\/j.seminhematol.2010.07.001","article-title":"Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: A Historical Perspective","volume":"47","author":"Goldman","year":"2010","journal-title":"Semin. 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