{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T09:55:26Z","timestamp":1791194126959,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":240,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,7,12]],"date-time":"2010-07-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1278892800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>YKL-40 is a 40 kDa glycoprotein produced by cancer cells, inflammatory cells and stem cells. It probably has a role in cell proliferation and differentiation, inflammation, protection against apoptosis, stimulation of angiogenesis, and regulation of extracellular tissue remodelling. Plasma levels of YKL-40 are often elevated in patients with localized or advanced cancer compared to age-matched healthy subjects. Several studies have demonstrated that high plasma YKL-40 is an independent prognostic biomarker of short survival in patients with different types of cancer. However, there is not yet sufficient data to support determination of plasma YKL-40 outside research projects as a biomarker for screening of gastrointestinal cancer and determination of treatment response and poor prognosis before or during treatment and follow-up. Plasma YKL-40 is also elevated in patients with other diseases than cancer, e.g., severe infections, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, chronic obstructive lung disease, asthma, liver fibrosis and rheumatoid arthritis. Co-morbidity should therefore always be considered in patients with cancer, since other sources than cancer cells can increase plasma YKL-40 levels. Future focused translational research projects combining basic and clinical research are needed in a joint effort to answer questions of the complex function and regulation of YKL-40 and the question if plasma YKL-40 is a clinical useful biomarker in patients with cancer.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers2031453","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,7,12]],"date-time":"2010-07-12T11:37:07Z","timestamp":1278934627000},"page":"1453-1491","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":76,"title":["YKL-40\u2014A Protein in the Field of Translational Medicine: A Role as a Biomarker in Cancer Patients?"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Nicolai A.","family":"Schultz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Surgical Gastroenterology, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev Ringvej 75, DK-2730 Herlev, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julia S.","family":"Johansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Oncology, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev Ringvej 75, DK-2730 Herlev, Denmark"},{"name":"Departments of Medicine, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev Ringvej 75, DK-2730 Herlev, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,7,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1308","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djp280","article-title":"Biomarkers predicting clinical outcome of epidermal growth factor receptor-targeted therapy in metastatic colorectal cancer","volume":"101","author":"Siena","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. 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