{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T09:20:18Z","timestamp":1762161618948,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":87,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,19]],"date-time":"2021-02-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1613692800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Zebrafish has proven to be a versatile and reliable experimental in vivo tool to study human hematopoiesis and model hematological malignancies. Transgenic technologies enable the generation of specific leukemia types by the expression of human oncogenes under specific promoters. Using this technology, a variety of myeloid and lymphoid malignancies zebrafish models have been described. Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a clonal myeloproliferative neoplasia characterized by the BCR-ABL1 fusion gene, derived from the t (9;22) translocation causing the Philadelphia Chromosome (Ph). The BCR-ABL1 protein is a constitutively activated tyrosine kinas inducing the leukemogenesis and resulting in an accumulation of immature leukemic cells into bone marrow and peripheral blood. To model Ph+ CML, a transgenic zebrafish line expressing the human BCR-ABL1 was generated by the Gal4\/UAS system, and then crossed with the hsp70-Gal4 transgenic line. The new line named (BCR-ABL1pUAS:CFP\/hsp70-Gal4), presented altered expression of hematopoietic markers during embryonic development compared to controls and transgenic larvae showed proliferating hematopoietic cells in the caudal hematopoietic tissue (CHT). The present transgenic zebrafish would be a robust CML model and a high-throughput drug screening tool.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10020445","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,19]],"date-time":"2021-02-19T20:54:08Z","timestamp":1613768048000},"page":"445","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Development of BCR-ABL1 Transgenic Zebrafish Model Reproducing Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) Like-Disease and Providing a New Insight into CML Mechanisms"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Daniela","family":"Zizioli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Biotechnology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3494-2624","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simona","family":"Bernardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Hematology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, ASST Spedali Civili, 25123 Brescia, Italy"},{"name":"Centro di Ricerca Emato-Oncologica AIL (CREA), ASST Spedali Civili, 25123 Brescia, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Varinelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Biotechnology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2980-9028","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mirko","family":"Farina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Hematology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, ASST Spedali Civili, 25123 Brescia, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9958-1225","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luca","family":"Mignani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Biotechnology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katia","family":"Bosio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Hematology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, ASST Spedali Civili, 25123 Brescia, Italy"},{"name":"Centro di Ricerca Emato-Oncologica AIL (CREA), ASST Spedali Civili, 25123 Brescia, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dario","family":"Finazzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Biotechnology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy"},{"name":"Laboratorio Centrale Analisi Chimico-Cliniche, ASST Spedali Civili, 25123 Brescia, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eugenio","family":"Monti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Biotechnology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6297-9697","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicola","family":"Polverelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Hematology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, ASST Spedali Civili, 25123 Brescia, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0907-130X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michele","family":"Malagola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Hematology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, ASST Spedali Civili, 25123 Brescia, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9746-0876","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elisa","family":"Borsani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Anatomy and Physiopathology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Borsani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Biology and Genetic, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Domenico","family":"Russo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Hematology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, ASST Spedali Civili, 25123 Brescia, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1177\/0192623311409597","article-title":"Normal Anatomy and Histology of the Adult Zebrafish","volume":"39","author":"Menke","year":"2011","journal-title":"Toxicol. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gde.2015.04.006","article-title":"Cross-species oncogenomics using zebrafish models of cancer","volume":"30","author":"White","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Genet. Dev."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2018.12.015","article-title":"Zebrafish disease models in hematology: Highlights on biological and translational impact","volume":"1865","author":"Zizioli","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta Mol. Basis Dis."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4016","DOI":"10.1002\/1873-3468.12415","article-title":"Understanding the regulation of vertebrate hematopoiesis and blood disorders\u2014big lessons from a small fish","volume":"590","author":"Robertson","year":"2016","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e312","DOI":"10.1002\/wdev.312","article-title":"The zebrafish: A fintastic model for hematopoietic development and disease","volume":"7","author":"Gore","year":"2018","journal-title":"Wiley Interdiscip. Rev. Dev. Biol."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Skayneh, H., Jishi, B., Hleihel, R., Hamieh, M., Darwiche, N., Bazarbachi, A., El Sabban, M., and El Hajj, H. (2019). A Critical Review of Animal Models Used in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Pathophysiology. Genes, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/genes10080614"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2229","DOI":"10.1038\/leu.2013.132","article-title":"Targeting oncogene expression to endothelial cells induces proliferation of the myelo-erythroid lineage by repressing the notch pathway","volume":"27","author":"Alghisi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sinha, A.A., Park, G., and Frazer, J.K. (2019). Tackling Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia\u2014One Fish at a Time. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 20.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20215313"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1825","DOI":"10.1038\/leu.2009.116","article-title":"Heritable T-cell malignancy models established in a zebrafish phenotypic screen","volume":"23","author":"Frazer","year":"2009","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2007.06600.x","article-title":"The 13q and 11q B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia-associated regions derive from a common ancestral region in the zebrafish","volume":"137","author":"Auer","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br. J. Haematol."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2007.06625.x","article-title":"Heat-shock induction of T-cell lymphoma\/leukaemia in conditional Cre\/lox-regulated transgenic zebrafish","volume":"138","author":"Feng","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br. J. Haematol."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.31837","article-title":"Aneuploid acute myeloid leukemia exhibits a signature of genomic alterations in the cell cycle and protein degradation machinery","volume":"125","author":"Simonetti","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2209","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1516192","article-title":"Genomic Classification and Prognosis in Acute Myeloid Leukemia","volume":"374","author":"Papaemmanuil","year":"2016","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Russo, D., Garcia-Gutierrez, J.V., Soverini, S., and Baccarani, M. (2020). Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Prognosis and Therapy: Criticisms and Perspectives. J. Clin. Med., 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9061709"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199907153410306","article-title":"The Biology of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia","volume":"341","author":"Faderl","year":"1999","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1007\/s11899-019-00549-1","article-title":"The Hidden Pathogenesis of CML: Is BCR-ABL1 the First Event?","volume":"14","author":"Shanmuganathan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr. Hematol. Malign. Rep."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s40880-016-0108-0","article-title":"The Philadelphia chromosome in leukemogenesis","volume":"35","author":"Kang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chin. J. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1619","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2008-03-144790","article-title":"Molecular biology of bcr-abl1\u2013positive chronic myeloid leukemia","volume":"113","author":"Cortes","year":"2009","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1007\/s11899-018-0474-6","article-title":"Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: Beyond BCR-ABL1","volume":"13","author":"Zhou","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr. Hematol. Malign. Rep."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Trojani, A., Pungolino, E., Molin, A.D., Lodola, M., Rossi, G., D\u2019Adda, M., Perego, A., Elena, C., Turrini, M., and Borin, L. (2019). Nilotinib interferes with cell cycle, ABC transporters and JAK-STAT signaling pathway in CD34+\/lin- cells of patients with chronic phase chronic myeloid leukemia after 12 months of treatment. PLoS ONE, 14.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0218444"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1007\/s13402-015-0248-2","article-title":"Inhibition of Ras-mediated signaling pathways in CML stem cells","volume":"38","author":"Bertacchini","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1493","DOI":"10.1038\/leu.2016.51","article-title":"A role for FOXO1 in BCR\u2013ABL1-independent tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance in chronic myeloid leukemia","volume":"30","author":"Wagle","year":"2016","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1159\/000444517","article-title":"Overexpression of CCAAT Enhancer-Binding Protein \u03b1 Inhibits the Growth of K562 Cells via the Foxo3a-Bim Pathway","volume":"136","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Acta Haematol."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2008.07221.x","article-title":"BCR-ABL1-induced expression of HSPA8 promotes cell survival in chronic myeloid leukaemia","volume":"142","author":"Cordeu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Br. J. Haematol."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2017.07.006","article-title":"Epigenetic dysregulation in chronic myeloid leukaemia: A myriad of mechanisms and therapeutic options","volume":"51","author":"Koschmieder","year":"2018","journal-title":"Semin. Cancer Biol."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1309\/AJCPUN89CXERVOVH","article-title":"Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia, BCR-ABL1+","volume":"132","author":"Vardiman","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1007\/s11899-012-0114-5","article-title":"Genetic Mechanisms of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Blastic Transformation","volume":"7","author":"Skorski","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr. Hematol. Malign-Rep."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1202","DOI":"10.1007\/s11427-015-4965-6","article-title":"An overview of chronic myeloid leukemia and its animal models","volume":"58","author":"Ma","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci. China Life Sci."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2019.00603","article-title":"Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors Available for Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: Efficacy and Safety","volume":"9","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2020.03.006","article-title":"Response and Resistance to BCR-ABL1-Targeted Therapies","volume":"37","author":"Braun","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1523","DOI":"10.1080\/10428194.2017.1379074","article-title":"First-line therapy for chronic phase CML: Selecting the optimal BCR-ABL1-targeted TKI","volume":"59","author":"Saglio","year":"2017","journal-title":"Leuk. Lymphoma"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.23593","article-title":"Long term outcome of Ph+ CML patients achieving complete cytogenetic remission with interferon based therapy moving from interferon to imatinib era","volume":"89","author":"Malagola","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am. J. Hematol."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3995","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2004-09-3534","article-title":"PD166326, a novel tyrosine kinase inhibitor, has greater antileukemic activity than imatinib mesylate in a murine model of chronic myeloid leukemia","volume":"105","author":"Wolff","year":"2005","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34736","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.16152","article-title":"The SCLtTAxBCR-ABL transgenic mouse model closely reflects the differential effects of dasatinib on normal and malignant hematopoiesis in chronic phase-CML patients","volume":"8","author":"Schubert","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1302","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2015-01-623645","article-title":"Leukemic marrow infiltration reveals a novel role for Egr3 as a potent inhibitor of normal hematopoietic stem cell proliferation","volume":"126","author":"Cheng","year":"2015","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7622","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.102583199","article-title":"A murine model of CML blast crisis induced by cooperation between BCR\/ABL and NUP98\/HOXA9","volume":"99","author":"Dash","year":"2002","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2009-06-228130","article-title":"PTEN is a tumor suppressor in CML stem cells and BCR-ABL\u2013induced leukemias in mice","volume":"115","author":"Peng","year":"2010","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2019.219394","article-title":"Validation of a drosophila model of wild-type and T315I mutated BCR-ABL1 in chronic myeloid leukemia: An effective platform for treatment screening","volume":"105","author":"Abubaker","year":"2020","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2018.198267","article-title":"A new BCR-ABL1 Drosophila model as a powerful tool to elucidate the pathogenesis and progression of chronic myeloid leukemia","volume":"104","author":"Bernardoni","year":"2018","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2019.215939","article-title":"Human BCR\/ABL1 induces chronic myeloid leukemia-like disease in zebrafish","volume":"105","author":"Xu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e347","DOI":"10.1038\/bcj.2015.75","article-title":"Managing chronic myeloid leukaemia in the elderly with intermittent imatinib treatment","volume":"5","author":"Russo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Blood Cancer J."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"966","DOI":"10.1038\/s41375-020-0776-2","article-title":"European LeukemiaNet 2020 recommendations for treating chronic myeloid leukemia","volume":"34","author":"Hochhaus","year":"2020","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4280","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2019000865","article-title":"Managing chronic myeloid leukemia for treatment-free remission: A proposal from the GIMEMA CML WP","volume":"3","author":"Baccarani","year":"2019","journal-title":"Blood Adv."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1002\/aja.1002030302","article-title":"Stages of embryonic development of the zebrafish","volume":"203","author":"Kimmel","year":"1995","journal-title":"Dev. Dyn."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2004.06.005","article-title":"A Transposon-Mediated Gene Trap Approach Identifies Developmentally Regulated Genes in Zebrafish","volume":"7","author":"Kawakami","year":"2004","journal-title":"Dev. Cell"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1007\/s00438-013-0750-z","article-title":"Generation and application of signaling pathway reporter lines in zebrafish","volume":"288","author":"Moro","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mol. Genet. Genom."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-6393-5_9","article-title":"Monitoring Wnt Signaling in Zebrafish Using Fluorescent Biosensors","volume":"1481","author":"Facchinello","year":"2016","journal-title":"Wnt Signal."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.adgen.2016.04.002","article-title":"Gal4 Driver Transgenic Zebrafish: Powerful Tools to Study Developmental Biology, Organogenesis, and Neuroscience","volume":"95","author":"Kawakami","year":"2016","journal-title":"Adv. Genet."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2007.514","article-title":"High-resolution in situ hybridization to whole-mount zebrafish embryos","volume":"3","author":"Thisse","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat. Protoc."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Soverini, S., Bernardi, S., and Galimberti, S. (2020). Molecular Testing in CML between Old and New Methods: Are We at a Turning Point?. J. Clin. Med., 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9123865"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2041","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.2087","article-title":"Digital PCR improves the quantitation of DMR and the selection of CML candidates to TKIs discontinuation","volume":"8","author":"Bernardi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cancer Med."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1159\/000510440","article-title":"RT-qPCR versus Digital PCR: How Do They Impact Differently on Clinical Management of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Patients?","volume":"13","author":"Zanaglio","year":"2020","journal-title":"Case Rep. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1111\/ejh.13282","article-title":"\u201cVariant-specific discrepancy when quantitating BCR-ABL1 e13a2 and e14a2 transcripts using the Europe Against Cancer qPCR assay.\u201d Is dPCR the key?","volume":"103","author":"Bernardi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. J. Haematol."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bernardi, S., Ruggieri, G., Malagola, M., Cancelli, V., Cattina, F., Polverelli, N., Zanaglio, C., Perucca, S., Re, F., and Montanelli, A. (2017). Digital PCR (Dpcr) a Step Forward to Detection and Quantification of Minimal Residual Disease (MRD) in Ph+\/BCR-ABL1 Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML). J. Mol. Biomarkers Diagn., 8.","DOI":"10.4172\/2155-9929.1000330"},{"key":"ref_55","first-page":"4739","article-title":"Silencing of pantothenate kinase 2 reduces endothelial cell angiogenesis","volume":"18","author":"Pagani","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol. Med. Rep."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1002\/dvdy.20375","article-title":"dazed gene is necessary for late cell type development and retinal cell maintenance in the zebrafish retina","volume":"233","author":"Perkins","year":"2005","journal-title":"Dev. Dyn."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2141.1999.01763.x","article-title":"Identification and characterization of zebrafish thrombocytes","volume":"107","author":"Jagadeeswaran","year":"1999","journal-title":"Br. J. Haematol."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1006\/bcmd.1999.0249","article-title":"Analysis of Blood Coagulation in the Zebrafish","volume":"25","author":"Jagadeeswaran","year":"1999","journal-title":"Blood Cells Mol. Dis."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1089\/zeb.2018.1683","article-title":"ZF-Mapper: Simple and Complete Freeware for Fluorescence Quantification in Zebrafish Images","volume":"16","author":"Yamamoto","year":"2019","journal-title":"Zebrafish"},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1038\/msb.2011.75","article-title":"Fast, scalable generation of high-quality protein multiple sequence alignments using Clustal Omega","volume":"7","author":"Sievers","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol. Syst. Biol."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7233","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1207943","article-title":"The \u201cdefinitive\u201d (and \u2019primitive\u2019) guide to zebrafish hematopoiesis","volume":"23","author":"Davidson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Findakly, D., and Arslan, W. (2020). Clinical Features and Outcomes of Patients with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Presenting With Isolated Thrombocytosis: A Systematic Review and a Case from Our Institution. Cureus, 12.","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.8788"},{"key":"ref_63","first-page":"253","article-title":"The Zebrafish as a Model Organism to Study Development of the Immune System","volume":"81","author":"Traver","year":"2003","journal-title":"Adv. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13711","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.212515999","article-title":"B cells develop in the zebrafish pancreas","volume":"99","author":"Danilova","year":"2002","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S11","DOI":"10.1016\/S0145-2126(15)30026-6","article-title":"A zebrafish model of myelodysplastic syndrome produced through tet2 genomic editing","volume":"39","author":"Gjini","year":"2015","journal-title":"Leuk. Res."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2009.07705.x","article-title":"Zebrafish modelling of leukaemias","volume":"146","author":"Payne","year":"2009","journal-title":"Br. J. Haematol."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rasighaemi, P., Basheer, F., Liongue, C., and Ward, A.C. (2015). Zebrafish as a model for leukemia and other hematopoietic disorders. J. Hematol. Oncol., 8.","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-015-0126-4"},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-138-10-200305200-00010","article-title":"Philadelphia ChromosomePositive Leukemias: From Basic Mechanisms to Molecular Therapeutics","volume":"138","author":"Kurzrock","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1016\/0145-2126(95)00172-7","article-title":"The effect of bcr-abl antisense oligonucleotide on DNA synthesis and apoptosis in K562 chronic myeloid leukemia cells","volume":"20","author":"Rowley","year":"1996","journal-title":"Leuk. Res."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1016\/S0145-2126(01)00170-9","article-title":"Proliferation and apoptosis in acute and chronic leukemias and myelodysplastic syndrome","volume":"26","author":"Lin","year":"2002","journal-title":"Leuk. Res."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.12.5.621","article-title":"SCL\/Tal-1 transcription factor acts downstream of cloche to specify hematopoietic and vascular progenitors in zebrafish","volume":"12","author":"Liao","year":"1998","journal-title":"Genes Dev."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2004.11.014","article-title":"Interplay of Pu.1 and Gata1 Determines Myelo-Erythroid Progenitor Cell Fate in Zebrafish","volume":"8","author":"Rhodes","year":"2005","journal-title":"Dev. Cell"},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1006\/dbio.1998.8887","article-title":"The cloche and spadetail genes differentially affect hematopoiesis and vasculogenesis","volume":"197","author":"Thompson","year":"1998","journal-title":"Dev. Biol."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V98.3.643","article-title":"Myelopoiesis in the zebrafish, Danio rerio","volume":"98","author":"Bennett","year":"2001","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3087","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V98.10.3087","article-title":"Morphologic and functional characterization of granulocytes and macrophages in embryonic and adult zebrafish","volume":"98","author":"Lieschke","year":"2001","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2867-12-28","article-title":"Knock-down of Kaiso induces proliferation and blocks granulocytic differentiation in blast crisis of chronic myeloid leukemia","volume":"12","author":"Cofre","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cancer Cell Int."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3173","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V86.8.3173.3173","article-title":"The expression pattern of erythrocyte\/megakaryocyte-related transcription factors GATA-1 and the stem cell leukemia gene correlates with hematopoietic differentiation and is associated with outcome of acute myeloid leukemia","volume":"86","author":"Shimamoto","year":"1995","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bavaro, L., Martelli, M., Cavo, M., and Soverini, S. (2019). Mechanisms of Disease Progression and Resistance to Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Therapy in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: An Update. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 20.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20246141"},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1132","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2019.01132","article-title":"Management of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia in Advanced Phase","volume":"9","author":"Bonifacio","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Iurlo, A., Cattaneo, D., and Gianelli, U. (2019). Blast Transformation in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms: Risk Factors, Biological Findings, and Targeted Therapeutic Options. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 20.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20081839"},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1111\/ijlh.13145","article-title":"How I investigate chronic myelomonocytic leukemia","volume":"42","author":"Sangiorgio","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Lab. Hematol."},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.1016\/S0145-2126(98)00113-1","article-title":"Defective regulation of leukemic hematopoiesis in chronic myeloid leukemia","volume":"22","author":"Eaves","year":"1998","journal-title":"Leuk. Res."},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2875","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20170976","article-title":"Dissecting hematopoietic and renal cell heterogeneity in adult zebrafish at single-cell resolution using RNA sequencing","volume":"214","author":"Tang","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2009-02-203638","article-title":"Zebrafish kidney stromal cell lines support multilineage hematopoiesis","volume":"114","author":"Stachura","year":"2009","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/s12185-014-1693-9","article-title":"Aggregates of pseudo-Gaucher cells after treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia in blastic phase","volume":"101","author":"Helbig","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Hematol."},{"key":"ref_86","first-page":"85","article-title":"A case of chronic myeloid leukaemia in blast transformation with leukemic ascites","volume":"71","author":"Yap","year":"2016","journal-title":"Med. J. Malaysia"},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.1016\/S0046-8177(85)80252-5","article-title":"Bone marrow findings in systemic mastocytosis","volume":"16","author":"Horny","year":"1985","journal-title":"Hum. Pathol."}],"container-title":["Cells"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-4409\/10\/2\/445\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T05:26:22Z","timestamp":1760160382000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-4409\/10\/2\/445"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,19]]},"references-count":87,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]}},"alternative-id":["cells10020445"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cells10020445","relation":{},"ISSN":["2073-4409"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2073-4409"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,19]]}}}