{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T05:01:02Z","timestamp":1790485262126,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":193,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,8]],"date-time":"2021-03-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615161600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Mural cells collectively refer to the smooth muscle cells and pericytes of the vasculature. This heterogenous population of cells play a crucial role in the regulation of blood pressure, distribution, and the structural integrity of the vascular wall. As such, dysfunction of mural cells can lead to the pathogenesis and progression of a number of diseases pertaining to the vascular system. Cardiovascular diseases, particularly atherosclerosis, are perhaps the most well-described mural cell-centric case. For instance, atherosclerotic plaques are most often described as being composed of a proliferative smooth muscle cap accompanied by a necrotic core. More recently, the role of dysfunctional mural cells in neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer\u2019s and Parkinson\u2019s disease, is being recognized. In this review, we begin with an exploration of the mechanisms underlying atherosclerosis and neurodegenerative diseases, such as mural cell plasticity. Next, we highlight a selection of signaling pathways (PDGF, Notch and inflammatory signaling) that are conserved across both diseases. We propose that conserved mural cell signaling mechanisms can be exploited for the identification or development of dual-pronged therapeutics that impart both cardio- and neuroprotective qualities.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10030593","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,8]],"date-time":"2021-03-08T12:12:18Z","timestamp":1615205538000},"page":"593","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Mural Cells: Potential Therapeutic Targets to Bridge Cardiovascular Disease and Neurodegeneration"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Alexander","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Research Institute, Sydney, NSW 2042, Australia"},{"name":"School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niridu Jude","family":"Peiris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Research Institute, Sydney, NSW 2042, Australia"},{"name":"Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harkirat","family":"Dhaliwal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Research Institute, Sydney, NSW 2042, Australia"},{"name":"Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Hakim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Research Institute, Sydney, NSW 2042, Australia"},{"name":"School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weizhen","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Research Institute, Sydney, NSW 2042, Australia"},{"name":"School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Subramaniam","family":"Ganesh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India"},{"name":"The Mehta Family Centre for Engineering in Medicine, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yogambha","family":"Ramaswamy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanjay","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Research Institute, Sydney, NSW 2042, Australia"},{"name":"Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia"},{"name":"Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashish","family":"Misra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Research Institute, Sydney, NSW 2042, Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1006\/dbio.1995.1291","article-title":"Overexpression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in the Avian Embryo Induces Hypervascularization and Increased Vascular Permeability without Alterations of Embryonic Pattern Formation","volume":"171","author":"Flamme","year":"1995","journal-title":"Dev. 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