{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T17:32:22Z","timestamp":1791480742053,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,8]],"date-time":"2021-04-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617840000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>It was reported that lumican inhibits the activity of metalloproteinase MMP-14 and melanoma cell migration in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, Snail triggers epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and the metastatic potential of cancer cells. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the effect of lumican on Mock and Snail overexpressing melanoma B16F1 cells in vivo. Lung metastasis was analyzed after intravenous injections of Mock-B16F1 and Snail-B16F1 cells in Lum+\/+ and Lum\u2212\/\u2212 mice. At day 14, mice were sacrificed, and lungs were collected. The number of lung metastatic nodules was significantly higher in mice injected with Snail-B16F1 cells as compared to mice injected with Mock-B16F1 cells confirming the pro-metastatic effect of Snail. This effect was stronger in Lum\u2212\/\u2212 mice as compared to Lum+\/+, suggesting that endogenous lumican of wild-type mice significantly inhibits metastasis to lungs. Scanning electron and confocal microscopy investigations demonstrated that lumican inhibits the development of elongated cancer cell phenotypes which are known to develop invadopodia releasing MMPs. Moreover, lumican was shown to affect the expression of cyclin D1, cortactin, vinculin, hyaluronan synthase 2, heparanase, MMP-14 and the phosphorylation of FAK, AKT, p130 Cas and GSK3\u03b1\/\u03b2. Altogether, these data demonstrated that lumican significantly inhibits lung metastasis in vivo, as well as cell invasion in vitro, suggesting that a lumican-based strategy targeting Snail-induced metastasis could be useful for melanoma treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10040841","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,8]],"date-time":"2021-04-08T10:34:39Z","timestamp":1617878079000},"page":"841","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Lumican Inhibits In Vivo Melanoma Metastasis by Altering Matrix-Effectors and Invadopodia Markers"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Konstantina","family":"Karamanou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CNRS UMR 7369, Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire, 51100 Reims, France"},{"name":"Laboratoire de Biochimie M\u00e9dicale et Biologie Mol\u00e9culaire, Universit\u00e9 de Reims Champagne Ardenne, 51095 Reims, France"},{"name":"Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis &amp; Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26501 Patras, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4133-3031","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Franchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, 47922 Rimini, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabelle","family":"Proult","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNRS UMR 7369, Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire, 51100 Reims, France"},{"name":"Laboratoire de Biochimie M\u00e9dicale et Biologie Mol\u00e9culaire, Universit\u00e9 de Reims Champagne Ardenne, 51095 Reims, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7290-6069","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Romain","family":"Rivet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNRS UMR 7369, Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire, 51100 Reims, France"},{"name":"Laboratoire de Biochimie M\u00e9dicale et Biologie Mol\u00e9culaire, Universit\u00e9 de Reims Champagne Ardenne, 51095 Reims, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1585-6544","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Demitrios","family":"Vynios","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis &amp; Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26501 Patras, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"St\u00e9phane","family":"Br\u00e9zillon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNRS UMR 7369, Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire, 51100 Reims, France"},{"name":"Laboratoire de Biochimie M\u00e9dicale et Biologie Mol\u00e9culaire, Universit\u00e9 de Reims Champagne Ardenne, 51095 Reims, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)31559-9","article-title":"Melanoma","volume":"392","author":"Schadendorf","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"3","article-title":"Current surgical management of melanoma metastases to the lung","volume":"5","author":"Velu","year":"2013","journal-title":"JTD"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2004.10.016","article-title":"Meta-analysis of risk factors for cutaneous melanoma: II. 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