{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T03:54:15Z","timestamp":1792814055914,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":272,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,16]],"date-time":"2021-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1618531200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001665","name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ANR-20-CE18-0017-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-20-CE18-0017-01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001665","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001665","name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ANR-10-LABX-33"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-10-LABX-33"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001665","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001665","name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ANR-11-IDEX-0003-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-11-IDEX-0003-01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001665","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Under physiological conditions, cAMP signaling plays a key role in the regulation of cardiac function. Activation of this intracellular signaling pathway mirrors cardiomyocyte adaptation to various extracellular stimuli. Extracellular ligand binding to seven-transmembrane receptors (also known as GPCRs) with G proteins and adenylyl cyclases (ACs) modulate the intracellular cAMP content. Subsequently, this second messenger triggers activation of specific intracellular downstream effectors that ensure a proper cellular response. Therefore, it is essential for the cell to keep the cAMP signaling highly regulated in space and time. The temporal regulation depends on the activity of ACs and phosphodiesterases. By scaffolding key components of the cAMP signaling machinery, A-kinase anchoring proteins (AKAPs) coordinate both the spatial and temporal regulation. Myocardial infarction is one of the major causes of death in industrialized countries and is characterized by a prolonged cardiac ischemia. This leads to irreversible cardiomyocyte death and impairs cardiac function. Regardless of its causes, a chronic activation of cardiac cAMP signaling is established to compensate this loss. While this adaptation is primarily beneficial for contractile function, it turns out, in the long run, to be deleterious. This review compiles current knowledge about cardiac cAMP compartmentalization under physiological conditions and post-myocardial infarction when it appears to be profoundly impaired.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10040922","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,16]],"date-time":"2021-04-16T10:20:11Z","timestamp":1618568411000},"page":"922","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Cardiac cAMP-PKA Signaling Compartmentalization in Myocardial Infarction"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Anne-Sophie","family":"Colombe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM, UMR-S 1180, Signalisation et Physiopathologie Cardiovasculaire, Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, 92296 Ch\u00e2tenay-Malabry, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5074-429X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guillaume","family":"Pidoux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM, UMR-S 1180, Signalisation et Physiopathologie Cardiovasculaire, Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, 92296 Ch\u00e2tenay-Malabry, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.4330\/wjc.v7.i4.204","article-title":"Autonomic and Endocrine Control of Cardiovascular Function","volume":"7","author":"Gordan","year":"2015","journal-title":"World J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.physiol.65.092101.142249","article-title":"Stress-Activated Cytokines and The Heart: From Adaptation to Maladaptation","volume":"65","author":"Mann","year":"2003","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Boularan, C., and Gales, C. (2015). Cardiac CAMP: Production, Hydrolysis, Modulation and Detection. Front. Pharmacol., 6.","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2015.00203"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1677\/JME-10-0010","article-title":"Specificity and Spatial Dynamics of Protein Kinase A Signaling Organized by A-Kinase-Anchoring Proteins","volume":"44","author":"Pidoux","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Mol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1383","DOI":"10.1042\/BST20190245","article-title":"Imaging CAMP Nanodomains in the Heart","volume":"47","author":"Chao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biochem. Soc. Trans."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3854","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)40330-9","article-title":"Compartmentalization of Adenosine 3\u2019:5\u2019-Monophosphate and Adenosine 3\u2019:5\u2019-Monophosphate-Dependent Protein Kinase in Heart Tissue","volume":"252","author":"Corbin","year":"1977","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1038\/280078a0","article-title":"Hormonally Specific Phosphorylation of Cardiac Troponin I and Activation of Glycogen Phosphorylase","volume":"280","author":"Brunton","year":"1979","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1570","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.76.4.1570","article-title":"Hormonally Specific Expression of Cardiac Protein Kinase Activity","volume":"76","author":"Hayes","year":"1979","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10233","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)44447-4","article-title":"Compartments of Cyclic AMP and Protein Kinase in Mammalian Cardiomyocytes","volume":"258","author":"Buxton","year":"1983","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.73.2.286","article-title":"Beta 1-Adrenoceptor Stimulation and Beta 2-Adrenoceptor Stimulation Differ in Their Effects on Contraction, Cytosolic Ca2+, and Ca2+ Current in Single Rat Ventricular Cells","volume":"73","author":"Xiao","year":"1993","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.76.1.40","article-title":"Beta 2-Adrenergic Receptor Actions in Neonatal and Adult Rat Ventricular Myocytes","volume":"76","author":"Kuznetsov","year":"1995","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"ref_12","first-page":"181","article-title":"Glucagon and the Circulation","volume":"35","author":"Farah","year":"1983","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1161\/hh1701.095716","article-title":"Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Increases CAMP but Fails to Augment Contraction in Adult Rat Cardiac Myocytes","volume":"89","author":"Egan","year":"2001","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000246118.98832.04","article-title":"Compartmentation of Cyclic Nucleotide Signaling in the Heart: The Role of Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases","volume":"99","author":"Fischmeister","year":"2006","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehx628","article-title":"European Society of Cardiology: Cardiovascular Disease Statistics 2017","volume":"39","author":"Timmis","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"ref_16","first-page":"231","article-title":"\u03b2-Blockers in Coronary Artery Disease Management","volume":"14","author":"Boudonas","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hippokratia"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2018.08.1038","article-title":"Force for the Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction Fourth Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction (2018)","volume":"72","author":"Thygesen","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pathophys.2018.04.003","article-title":"The Pathophysiology of Myocardial Infarction-Induced Heart Failure","volume":"25","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pathophysiology"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37S","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(98)00385-4","article-title":"Pathophysiology of Chronic Heart Failure","volume":"110","author":"Francis","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"(1996). Effect of Carvedilol on Mortality and Morbidity in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure. Circulation, 94, 592.","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.94.4.592"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1341","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ehj.2004.06.002","article-title":"Expert Consensus Document on Beta-Adrenergic Receptor Blockers","volume":"25","author":"Swedberg","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.2174\/157340312801215764","article-title":"Beta Blocker Use after Acute Myocardial Infarction in the Patient with Normal Systolic Function: When Is It \u201cOk\u201d to Discontinue?","volume":"8","author":"Kezerashvili","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr. Cardiol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1016\/S1388-9842(01)00198-2","article-title":"The Current Cost of Heart Failure to the National Health Service in the UK","volume":"4","author":"Stewart","year":"2002","journal-title":"Eur. J. Heart Fail."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1161\/HHF.0b013e318291329a","article-title":"Forecasting the Impact of Heart Failure in the United States: A Policy Statement from the American Heart Association","volume":"6","author":"Heidenreich","year":"2013","journal-title":"Circ. Heart. Fail."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-199448040-00005","article-title":"Choosing the Right \u03b2-Blocker","volume":"48","author":"Hampton","year":"1994","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1389","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.164.13.1389","article-title":"Adverse Effects of Beta-Blocker Therapy for Patients with Heart Failure: A Quantitative Overview of Randomized Trials","volume":"164","author":"Ko","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch. Intern. Med."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2014.04.018","article-title":"Type of Beta-Blocker Use Among Patients with Versus without Diabetes after Myocardial Infarction","volume":"168","author":"Arnold","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am. Heart J."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1007\/s40261-019-00771-y","article-title":"Chronic Use of \u03b2-Blockers and the Risk of Parkinson\u2019s Disease","volume":"39","author":"Koren","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. Drug Investig."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.112.273896","article-title":"Cardiotoxic and Cardioprotective Features of Chronic \u03b2-Adrenergic Signaling","volume":"112","author":"Zhang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.113.300805","article-title":"Cardiomyocyte Life-Death Decisions in Response to Chronic \u03b2-Adrenergic Signaling","volume":"112","author":"Whelan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1007\/164_2016_82","article-title":"Cardiac Phosphodiesterases and Their Modulation for Treating Heart Disease","volume":"243","author":"Kim","year":"2017","journal-title":"Handb. Exp. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2474","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellsig.2015.09.008","article-title":"Pharmacological Targeting of AKAP-Directed Compartmentalized CAMP Signalling","volume":"27","author":"Dema","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell Signal."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1007\/s10517-018-4220-9","article-title":"Effect of A2-Adrenoceptor Stimulation on Functional Parameters of Langendorff-Isolated Rat Heart","volume":"165","author":"Ziyatdinova","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bull. Exp. Biol. Med."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1080\/14017430701487713","article-title":"Alpha-2 Adrenergic Antagonism Enhances Risk of Ventricular Tachycardia during Acute Ischemia","volume":"41","author":"Arnar","year":"2007","journal-title":"Scand. Cardiovasc. J."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nikolaev, V., and Zaccolo, M. (2017). Membrane Microdomains and cAMP Compartmentation in Cardiac Myocytes. Microdomains in the Cardiovascular System, Springer International Publishing. Cardiac and Vascular Biology.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-54579-0"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H1377","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00504.2009","article-title":"B1-Adrenergic Receptors Stimulate Cardiac Contractility and CaMKII Activation in Vivo and Enhance Cardiac Dysfunction Following Myocardial Infarction","volume":"297","author":"Yoo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1185","DOI":"10.1006\/jmcc.1999.0951","article-title":"Desensitization of Cardiac \u03b2 -Adrenoceptor Signaling with Heart Failure Produced by Myocardial Infarction in the Rat. Evidence for the Role of Gi but Not Gs or Phosphorylating Proteins","volume":"31","author":"Kompa","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1865","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.112.251769","article-title":"Selective \u03922-Adrenoreceptor Stimulation Attenuates Myocardial Cell Death and Preserves Cardiac Function after Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Arterioscler","volume":"32","author":"Bhushan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Thromb. Vasc. Biol."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2829","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-18-0061","article-title":"Stimulation of the Beta2 Adrenergic Receptor at Reperfusion Limits Myocardial Reperfusion Injury via IL-10 Dependent Anti-Inflammatory Pathway in the Spleen","volume":"82","author":"Tian","year":"2018","journal-title":"Circ. J."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI118823","article-title":"Functional Beta3-Adrenoceptor in the Human Heart","volume":"98","author":"Gauthier","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Niu, X., Zhao, L., Li, X., Xue, Y., Wang, B., Lv, Z., Chen, J., Sun, D., and Zheng, Q. (2014). \u03923-Adrenoreceptor Stimulation Protects against Myocardial Infarction Injury via ENOS and NNOS Activation. PLoS ONE, 9.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0098713"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1007\/s00395-014-0422-0","article-title":"B3 Adrenergic Receptor Selective Stimulation during Ischemia\/Reperfusion Improves Cardiac Function in Translational Models through Inhibition of MPTP Opening in Cardiomyocytes","volume":"109","author":"Pun","year":"2014","journal-title":"Basic Res. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCIMAGING.108.822106","article-title":"Muscarinic Receptor Upregulation in Patients With Myocardial Infarction: A New Paradigm","volume":"2","author":"Mazzadi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Circ. Cardiovasc. Imaging"},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-89615-9_7","article-title":"Adenosine Receptors and Reperfusion Injury of the Heart","volume":"Volume 193","author":"Wilson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Adenosine Receptors in Health and Disease"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1527-3466.2006.00116.x","article-title":"Role of Adenosine as Adjunctive Therapy in Acute Myocardial Infarction","volume":"24","author":"Forman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Drug Rev."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2018.03.005","article-title":"Overexpression of Prostaglandin E2 EP4 Receptor Improves Cardiac Function after Myocardial Infarction","volume":"118","author":"Bryson","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Mol. Cell Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2141","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.19.9.2141","article-title":"Selective Activation of the Prostanoid EP 3 Receptor Reduces Myocardial Infarct Size in Rodents","volume":"19","author":"Zacharowski","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.04.001","article-title":"Glucagon Increases Contractility in Ventricle but Not in Atrium of the Rat Heart","volume":"587","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2014.11.005","article-title":"Cardiomyocyte Glucagon Receptor Signaling Modulates Outcomes in Mice with Experimental Myocardial Infarction","volume":"4","author":"Ali","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mol. Metab."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.54.1.146","article-title":"Glucagon-like Peptide 1 Can Directly Protect the Heart Against Ischemia\/Reperfusion Injury","volume":"54","author":"Bose","year":"2005","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.2337\/db08-1193","article-title":"GLP-1R Agonist Liraglutide Activates Cytoprotective Pathways and Improves Outcomes After Experimental Myocardial Infarction in Mice","volume":"58","author":"Momen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1038\/s41594-017-0011-7","article-title":"Structure and Dynamics of GPCR Signaling Complexes","volume":"25","author":"Hilger","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kayk\u0131-Mutlu, G., Papazisi, O., Palmen, M., Danser, A.H.J., Michel, M.C., and Arioglu-Inan, E. (2020). Cardiac and Vascular A1-Adrenoceptors in Congestive Heart Failure: A Systematic Review. Cells, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/cells9112412"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.2344\/0003-3006-62.1.31","article-title":"Alpha-2 Adrenergic Receptor Agonists: A Review of Current Clinical Applications","volume":"62","author":"Giovannitti","year":"2015","journal-title":"Anesth. Prog."},{"key":"ref_55","first-page":"4","article-title":"New Insights in Cardiac \u03b2-Adrenergic Signaling During Heart Failure and Aging","volume":"9","author":"Eguchi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12000","article-title":"Conformational Biosensors Reveal GPCR Signalling from Endosomes","volume":"495","author":"Irannejad","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1038\/nchembio.2389","article-title":"Functional Selectivity of GPCR-Directed Drug Action through Location Bias","volume":"13","author":"Irannejad","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Chem. Biol."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1038\/nchembio.1665","article-title":"Spatial Encoding of Cyclic AMP Signaling Specificity by GPCR Endocytosis","volume":"10","author":"Tsvetanova","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Chem. Biol."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1097\/01.hjh.0000254374.73241.ab","article-title":"Specific \u03921-Adrenergic Receptor Silencing with Small Interfering RNA Lowers High Blood Pressure and Improves Cardiac Function in Myocardial Ischemia","volume":"25","author":"Arnold","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Hypertens."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1653","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1185988","article-title":"\u03922-Adrenergic Receptor Redistribution in Heart Failure Changes CAMP Compartmentation","volume":"327","author":"Nikolaev","year":"2010","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1007\/s10741-008-9132-8","article-title":"Beta-Adrenergic Stimulation and Myocardial Function in the Failing Heart","volume":"14","author":"Eschenhagen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Heart Fail. Rev."},{"key":"ref_62","first-page":"9858","article-title":"Effect of \u03b2-Adrenergic Receptor Kinase Inhibitor on Post-Myocardial Infarction Heart Failure in Rats","volume":"10","author":"Miao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Clin. Exp. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1583","DOI":"10.1534\/genetics.104.037812","article-title":"Haplotype Analysis of the Beta2 Adrenergic Receptor Gene and Risk of Myocardial Infarction in Humans","volume":"169","author":"Zee","year":"2005","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1160\/TH08-05-0284","article-title":"Association between Polymorphisms in the \u03922-Adrenergic Receptor Gene with Myocardial Infarction and Ischaemic Stroke in Women","volume":"101","author":"Kurth","year":"2009","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1038\/ajh.2007.71","article-title":"\u03921- and \u03922-Adrenergic Receptor Gene Variation, \u03b2-Blocker Use and Risk of Myocardial Infarction and Stroke","volume":"21","author":"Lemaitre","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am. J. Hypertens"},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1080\/07853890802477866","article-title":"Acetylcholine Receptor M2 Gene Variants, Heart Rate Recovery, and Risk of Cardiac Death after an Acute Myocardial Infarction","volume":"41","author":"Hautala","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann. Med."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2462","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000128046.54681.97","article-title":"Prostaglandin E 2 Protects the Heart From Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury via Its Receptor Subtype EP 4","volume":"109","author":"Xiao","year":"2004","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2535","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2014.08.012","article-title":"Structure, Mechanism, and Regulation of Soluble Adenylyl Cyclases\u2014Similarities and Differences to Transmembrane Adenylyl Cyclases","volume":"1842","author":"Steegborn","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1159\/000166277","article-title":"Physiological Roles for G Protein-Regulated Adenylyl Cyclase Isoforms: Insights from Knockout and Overexpression Studies","volume":"17","author":"Sadana","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurosignals"},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schirmer, I., Bualeong, T., Budde, H., Cimiotti, D., Appukuttan, A., Klein, N., Steinwascher, P., Reusch, P., M\u00fcgge, A., and Meyer, R. (2018). Soluble Adenylyl Cyclase: A Novel Player in Cardiac Hypertrophy Induced by Isoprenaline or Pressure Overload. PLoS ONE, 13.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0192322"},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1778","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvy306","article-title":"Cardiac Adenylyl Cyclase Overexpression Precipitates and Aggravates Age-Related Myocardial Dysfunction","volume":"115","author":"Mougenot","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Res."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1007\/s00395-005-0559-y","article-title":"Adenylyl Cyclase Type V Deletion Increases Basal Left Ventricular Function and Reduces Left Ventricular Contractile Responsiveness to Beta-Adrenergic Stimulation","volume":"101","author":"Tang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Basic Res. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.730069","article-title":"Adenylyl Cyclase Type 6 Deletion Decreases Left Ventricular Function via Impaired Calcium Handling","volume":"117","author":"Tang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1567","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.112.300370","article-title":"Adenylyl Cyclase Subtype-Specific Compartmentalization: Differential Regulation of L-Type Ca2+ Current in Ventricular Myocytes","volume":"112","author":"Timofeyev","year":"2013","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9986","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1733772100","article-title":"Disruption of Type 5 Adenylyl Cyclase Gene Preserves Cardiac Function against Pressure Overload","volume":"100","author":"Okumura","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000086986.35568.63","article-title":"Type 5 Adenylyl Cyclase Disruption Alters Not Only Sympathetic But Also Parasympathetic and Calcium-Mediated Cardiac Regulation","volume":"93","author":"Okumura","year":"2003","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bull Melsom, C., Cosson, M.-V., \u00d8rstavik, \u00d8., Lai, N.C., Hammond, H.K., Osnes, J.-B., Skomedal, T., Nikolaev, V., Levy, F.O., and Krobert, K.A. (2019). Constitutive Inhibitory G Protein Activity upon Adenylyl Cyclase-Dependent Cardiac Contractility Is Limited to Adenylyl Cyclase Type 6. PLoS ONE, 14.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0218110"},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2004.05.040","article-title":"Alterations of \u03b2-Adrenoceptor Responsiveness in Postischemic Myocardium after 72 h of Reperfusion","volume":"495","author":"Boucher","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1007\/s00210-013-0943-3","article-title":"Adenylyl Cyclase Regulation in Heart Failure Due to Myocardial Infarction in Rats","volume":"387","author":"Seifert","year":"2014","journal-title":"Naunyn-Schmiedeberg\u2019s Arch. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tips.2017.03.001","article-title":"Cardiac Fibroblast Activation Post-Myocardial Infarction: Current Knowledge Gaps","volume":"38","author":"Ma","year":"2017","journal-title":"Trends Pharmacol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H3216","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00739.2007","article-title":"Adenylyl Cyclase Activity and Function Are Decreased in Rat Cardiac Fibroblasts after Myocardial Infarction","volume":"293","author":"Swaney","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Baldwin, T.A., and Dessauer, C.W. (2018). Function of Adenylyl Cyclase in Heart: The AKAP Connection. J. Cardiovasc Dev. Dis., 5.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcdd5010002"},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.116.232538","article-title":"A Food and Drug Administration\u2013Approved Antiviral Agent That Inhibits Adenylyl Cyclase Type 5 Protects the Ischemic Heart Even When Administered after Reperfusion","volume":"357","author":"Bravo","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Exp."},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2018.05.014","article-title":"A Novel Adenylyl Cyclase Type 5 Inhibitor That Reduces Myocardial Infarct Size Even When Administered after Coronary Artery Reperfusion","volume":"121","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2013.12.025","article-title":"Vidarabine Is Neither a Potent nor a Selective AC5 Inhibitor","volume":"87","author":"Seifert","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvr306","article-title":"Type 10 Adenylyl Cyclase Mediates Mitochondrial Bax Translocation and Apoptosis of Adult Rat Cardiomyocytes under Simulated Ischaemia\/Reperfusion","volume":"93","author":"Appukuttan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Res."},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.632513","article-title":"Increased Cardiac Adenylyl Cyclase Expression Is Associated With Increased Survival After Myocardial Infarction","volume":"114","author":"Toshiyuki","year":"2006","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1490","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2008.01.015","article-title":"Activation of Cardiac Adenylyl Cyclase Expression Increases Function of the Failing Ischemic Heart in Mice","volume":"51","author":"Lai","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1080\/00325481.1991.11701102","article-title":"Arrhythmias and Acute Myocardial Infarction","volume":"90","author":"Granrud","year":"1991","journal-title":"Postgrad. Med."},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1195","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2007.133439","article-title":"Ca2+-Stimulated Adenylyl Cyclase Isoform AC1 Is Preferentially Expressed in Guinea-Pig Sino-Atrial Node Cells and Modulates the I(f) Pacemaker Current","volume":"582","author":"Mattick","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.083584","article-title":"Ca 2+ -Stimulated Adenylyl Cyclase AC1 Generates Efficient Biological Pacing as Single Gene Therapy and in Combination With HCN2","volume":"126","author":"Boink","year":"2012","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24461","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M212659200","article-title":"Angiotensin II Enhances Adenylyl Cyclase Signaling via Ca2+\/Calmodulin Gq-Gs cross-talk regulates collagen production in cardiac fibroblasts","volume":"278","author":"Ostrom","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, Y., Hof, T., Baldwin, T.A., Chen, L., Kass, R.S., and Dessauer, C.W. (2019). Regulation of IKs Potassium Current by Isoproterenol in Adult Cardiomyocytes Requires Type 9 Adenylyl Cyclase. Cells, 8.","DOI":"10.3390\/cells8090981"},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29815","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M112.380568","article-title":"The A-Kinase Anchoring Protein Yotiao Facilitates Complex Formation between Adenylyl Cyclase Type 9 and the IKs Potassium Channel in Heart","volume":"287","author":"Li","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.109.200378","article-title":"Blockade of Hsp20 Phosphorylation Exacerbates Cardiac Ischemia\/Reperfusion Injury by Suppressed Autophagy and Increased Cell Death","volume":"105","author":"Qian","year":"2009","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2018.07.021","article-title":"Protective Role of Soluble Adenylyl Cyclase against Reperfusion-Induced Injury of Cardiac Cells","volume":"1865","author":"Rinaldi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biochim. Et Biophys. Acta Mol. Basis Dis."},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2009.01.012","article-title":"Cyclic AMP Produced inside Mitochondria Regulates Oxidative Phosphorylation","volume":"9","author":"Salazar","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1651","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/20.7.1651","article-title":"A Novel Mechanism of PKA Anchoring Revealed by Solution Structures of Anchoring Complexes","volume":"20","author":"Newlon","year":"2001","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4411","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M117.809988","article-title":"Phosphorylation of Protein Kinase A (PKA) Regulatory Subunit RI\u03b1 by Protein Kinase G (PKG) Primes PKA for Catalytic Activity in Cells","volume":"293","author":"Haushalter","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13443","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M109869200","article-title":"Formation of Inactive CAMP-Saturated Holoenzyme of CAMP-Dependent Protein Kinase under Physiological Conditions","volume":"277","author":"Kopperud","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ph.56.030194.001321","article-title":"Structure and Function of Cyclic Nucleotide-Dependent Protein Kinases","volume":"56","author":"Francis","year":"1994","journal-title":"Annu Rev. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1288","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaj1669","article-title":"Local Protein Kinase A Action Proceeds through Intact Holoenzymes","volume":"356","author":"Smith","year":"2017","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1986","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)77178-6","article-title":"Purification and Properties of Rabbit Skeletal Muscle Adenosine 3\u2019,5\u2019-Monophosphate-Dependent Protein Kinases","volume":"246","author":"Reimann","year":"1971","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)42003-6","article-title":"The Distribution and Dissociation of Cyclic Adenosine 3\u2019:5\u2019-Monophosphate-Dependent Protein Kinases in Adipose, Cardiac, and Other Tissues","volume":"250","author":"Corbin","year":"1975","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15360","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)66717-1","article-title":"Evidence for a Second Isoform of the Catalytic Subunit of CAMP-Dependent Protein Kinase","volume":"261","author":"Uhler","year":"1986","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1760","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.118.313417","article-title":"Cardiomyocyte PKA Ablation Enhances Basal Contractility While Eliminates Cardiac \u03b2-Adrenergic Response Without Adverse Effects on the Heart","volume":"124","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"ref_107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1631","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2016.5402","article-title":"MicroRNA-208a in an Early Stage Myocardial Infarction Rat Model and the Effect on CAMP-PKA Signaling Pathway","volume":"14","author":"Feng","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol. Med. Rep."},{"key":"ref_108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H1231","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00237.2019","article-title":"Cardiac Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Induces ROS-Dependent Loss of PKA Regulatory Subunit RI\u03b1","volume":"317","author":"Haushalter","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abb.2013.08.002","article-title":"Human Heart Failure Is Accompanied by Altered Protein Kinase A Subunit Expression and Post-Translational State","volume":"538","author":"Han","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arch. Biochem. Biophys."},{"key":"ref_110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2018.04.004","article-title":"Impaired Ca2+ Cycling of Nonischemic Myocytes Contributes to Sarcomere Dysfunction Early after Myocardial Infarction","volume":"119","author":"Kronenbitter","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1073","DOI":"10.1006\/jmcc.1996.0099","article-title":"Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinase and Mechanical Heart Function in Ventricular Hypertrophy Induced by Pressure Overload or Secondary to Myocardial Infarction","volume":"28","author":"Piddo","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2012.04.002","article-title":"PKA-Mediated ENOS Phosphorylation in the Protection of Ischemic Preconditioning against No-Reflow","volume":"84","author":"Li","year":"2012","journal-title":"Microvasc. Res."},{"key":"ref_113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000133390.12306.C7","article-title":"Protein Kinase A as Another Mediator of Ischemic Preconditioning Independent of Protein Kinase C","volume":"110","author":"Sanada","year":"2004","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lee, T.-M., Lin, S.-Z., and Chang, N.-C. (2013). Both PKA and Epac Pathways Mediate N-Acetylcysteine-Induced Connexin43 Preservation in Rats with Myocardial Infarction. PLoS ONE, 8.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0071878"},{"key":"ref_115","first-page":"398","article-title":"Infarct Size Limitation by Adrenomedullin: Protein Kinase A but Not PI3-Kinase Is Linked to Mitochondrial KCa Channels","volume":"77","author":"Nishida","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Res."},{"key":"ref_116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H1454","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00867.2009","article-title":"The Myocardial Infarct Size-Limiting Effect of Sitagliptin Is PKA-Dependent, Whereas the Protective Effect of Pioglitazone Is Partially Dependent on PKA","volume":"298","author":"Ye","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1038\/aps.2012.27","article-title":"Phosphorylation of Endothelial NOS Contributes to Simvastatin Protection against Myocardial No-Reflow and Infarction in Reperfused Swine Hearts: Partially via the PKA Signaling Pathway","volume":"33","author":"Li","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acta Pharmacol. Sin."},{"key":"ref_118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H1662","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00159.2007","article-title":"Developmental Changes in Gene Expression of Epac and Its Upregulation in Myocardial Hypertrophy","volume":"293","author":"Ulucan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tibs.2006.10.002","article-title":"Epac Proteins: Multi-Purpose CAMP Targets","volume":"31","author":"Bos","year":"2006","journal-title":"Trends Biochem. Sci."},{"key":"ref_120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2012.11.021","article-title":"Epac in Cardiac Calcium Signaling","volume":"58","author":"Morel","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Mol. Cell Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3991","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1416163112","article-title":"Novel Epac Fluorescent Ligand Reveals Distinct Epac1 vs. Epac2 Distribution and Function in Cardiomyocytes","volume":"112","author":"Pereira","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-016-2336-5","article-title":"The Role of Epac in the Heart","volume":"74","author":"Fujita","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Life Sci."},{"key":"ref_123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1134\/S0362119720020073","article-title":"Epac Proteins and Their Role in the Physiological and Pathological Processes in the Cardiovascular System. Part 1: The Role of Epac Proteins in the Physiological and Pathological Processes of the Vasculature","volume":"46","author":"Kryzhanovsky","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hum. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6386","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0801490105","article-title":"The Cyclic AMP Effector Epac Integrates Pro- and Anti-Fibrotic Signals","volume":"105","author":"Yokoyama","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvy173","article-title":"Exchange Protein Activated by Cyclic-Adenosine Monophosphate (Epac) Regulates Atrial Fibroblast Function and Controls Cardiac Remodelling","volume":"115","author":"Surinkaew","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Res."},{"key":"ref_126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Khan, I., Ali, A., Akhter, M.A., Naeem, N., Chotani, M.A., Iqbal, H., Kabir, N., Atiq, M., and Salim, A. (2017). Epac-Rap1-Activated Mesenchymal Stem Cells Improve Cardiac Function in Rat Model of Myocardial Infarction. Cardiovasc, 35.","DOI":"10.1111\/1755-5922.12248"},{"key":"ref_127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9017","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.R800075200","article-title":"Cyclic Nucleotide-Regulated Cation Channels","volume":"284","author":"Biel","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4225","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules17044225","article-title":"HCN Channels and Heart Rate","volume":"17","author":"Scicchitano","year":"2012","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"ref_129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1302.009","article-title":"Pacemaker Channels","volume":"1015","author":"Baruscotti","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"ref_130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2010.04.003","article-title":"Dynamic Changes in HCN2, HCN4, KCNE1, and KCNE2 Expression in Ventricular Cells from Acute Myocardial Infarction Rat Hearts","volume":"395","author":"Xia","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"ref_131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.24507","article-title":"Ivabradine Protects Against Ventricular Arrhythmias in Acute Myocardial Infarction in the Rat","volume":"229","author":"Mackiewicz","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Cell. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_132","first-page":"569","article-title":"Spironolactone Diminishes Spontaneous Ventricular Premature Beats by Reducing HCN4 Protein Expression in Rats with Myocardial Infarction","volume":"4","author":"Song","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol. Med. Rep."},{"key":"ref_133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1393","DOI":"10.1042\/BST20190249","article-title":"POPDC Proteins and Cardiac Function","volume":"47","author":"Brand","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biochem. Soc. Trans."},{"key":"ref_134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI59410","article-title":"Popeye Domain Containing Proteins Are Essential for Stress-Mediated Modulation of Cardiac Pacemaking in Mice","volume":"122","author":"Froese","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"ref_135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI79562","article-title":"POPDC1(S201F) Causes Muscular Dystrophy and Arrhythmia by Affecting Protein Trafficking","volume":"126","author":"Schindler","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"ref_136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ydbio.2012.01.015","article-title":"The Popeye Domain Containing 2 (Popdc2) Gene in Zebrafish Is Required for Heart and Skeletal Muscle Development","volume":"363","author":"Kirchmaier","year":"2012","journal-title":"Dev. Biol."},{"key":"ref_137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e321","DOI":"10.1212\/NXG.0000000000000321","article-title":"Muscular Dystrophy with Arrhythmia Caused by Loss-of-Function Mutations in BVES","volume":"5","author":"Nelson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurol. Genet."},{"key":"ref_138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102587","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2019.11.048","article-title":"A Multistage Sequencing Strategy Pinpoints Novel Candidate Alleles for Emery-Dreifuss Muscular Dystrophy and Supports Gene Misregulation as Its Pathomechanism","volume":"51","author":"Meinke","year":"2020","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"ref_139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alcalay, Y., Hochhauser, E., Kliminski, V., Dick, J., Zahalka, M.A., Parnes, D., Schlesinger, H., Abassi, Z., Shainberg, A., and Schindler, R.F.R. (2013). Popeye Domain Containing 1 (Popdc1\/Bves) Is a Caveolae-Associated Protein Involved in Ischemia Tolerance. PLoS ONE, 8.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0071100"},{"key":"ref_140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2019.11.154","article-title":"A-Kinase Anchoring Protein 1 (AKAP1) and Its Role in Some Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":"138","author":"Marin","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14188","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)98665-5","article-title":"Interaction of the Regulatory Subunit (RII) of CAMP-Dependent Protein Kinase with RII-Anchoring Proteins Occurs through an Amphipathic Helix Binding Motif","volume":"266","author":"Carr","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2015.00192","article-title":"Targeting Protein-Protein Interactions in Complexes Organized by A Kinase Anchoring Proteins","volume":"6","author":"Calejo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1038\/nature03966","article-title":"The Protein Kinase A Anchoring Protein MAKAP Coordinates Two Integrated CAMP Effector Pathways","volume":"437","author":"Soughayer","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00021.2003","article-title":"Localized Effects of CAMP Mediated by Distinct Routes of Protein Kinase A","volume":"84","author":"Aandahl","year":"2004","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tips.2013.10.005","article-title":"AKAP Signaling Complexes: Pointing towards the next Generation of Therapeutic Targets?","volume":"34","author":"Esseltine","year":"2013","journal-title":"Trends Pharm. Sci"},{"key":"ref_146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-pharmtox-011112-140204","article-title":"Creating Order from Chaos: Cellular Regulation by Kinase Anchoring","volume":"53","author":"Scott","year":"2013","journal-title":"Annu Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8057","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.272.12.8057","article-title":"Identification of a Novel Protein Kinase A Anchoring Protein That Binds Both Type I and Type II Regulatory Subunits","volume":"272","author":"Huang","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11184","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.21.11184","article-title":"D-AKAP2, a Novel Protein Kinase A Anchoring Protein with a Putative RGS Domain","volume":"94","author":"Huang","year":"1997","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1227","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1107182108","article-title":"An Entirely Specific Type I A-Kinase Anchoring Protein That Can Sequester Two Molecules of Protein Kinase A at Mitochondria","volume":"108","author":"Means","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43789","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M112.395970","article-title":"A Small Novel A-Kinase Anchoring Protein (AKAP) That Localizes Specifically Protein Kinase A-Regulatory Subunit I (PKA-RI) to the Plasma Membrane","volume":"287","author":"Burgers","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvq155","article-title":"AKAP121 Downregulation Impairs Protective CAMP Signals, Promotes Mitochondrial Dysfunction, and Increases Oxidative Stress","volume":"88","author":"Perrino","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Res."},{"key":"ref_152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1177\/1073858410384740","article-title":"AKAP Signaling Complexes in Regulation of Excitatory Synaptic Plasticity","volume":"17","author":"Sanderson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuroscientist"},{"key":"ref_153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14450","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M110.109769","article-title":"AKAP79 Interacts with Multiple Adenylyl Cyclase (AC) Isoforms and Scaffolds AC5 and -6 to Alpha-Amino-3-Hydroxyl-5-Methyl-4-Isoxazole-Propionate (AMPA) Receptors","volume":"285","author":"Efendiev","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.109.216127","article-title":"Sympathetic Stimulation of Adult Cardiomyocytes Requires Association of AKAP5 with a Subpopulation of L-Type Calcium Channels","volume":"107","author":"Nichols","year":"2010","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"ref_155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvw221","article-title":"Loss of AKAP150 Promotes Pathological Remodelling and Heart Failure Propensity by Disrupting Calcium Cycling and Contractile Reserve","volume":"113","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Res."},{"key":"ref_156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellsig.2015.12.015","article-title":"AKAP150 Participates in Calcineurin\/NFAT Activation during the down-Regulation of Voltage-Gated K+ Currents in Ventricular Myocytes Following Myocardial Infarction","volume":"28","author":"Nygren","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell. Signal."},{"key":"ref_157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2725","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.112.16.2725","article-title":"MAKAP: An A-Kinase Anchoring Protein Targeted to the Nuclear Membrane of Differentiated Myocytes","volume":"112","author":"Kapiloff","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Cell Sci."},{"key":"ref_158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1097\/FJC.0000000000000206","article-title":"MAKAP-a Master Scaffold for Cardiac Remodeling","volume":"65","author":"Passariello","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Cardiovasc. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23540","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M109.030072","article-title":"An Adenylyl Cyclase-MAKAPbeta Signaling Complex Regulates CAMP Levels in Cardiac Myocytes","volume":"284","author":"Kapiloff","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1097\/00019509-199704000-00010","article-title":"Preoperative Ultrasound to Predict Conversion in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy","volume":"7","author":"Jansen","year":"1997","journal-title":"Surg. Laparosc. Endosc."},{"key":"ref_161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200003023420904","article-title":"Early Expression of Angiogenesis Factors in Acute Myocardial Ischemia and Infarction","volume":"342","author":"Lee","year":"2000","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29016","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.271.46.29016","article-title":"Mutational Analysis of the A-Kinase Anchoring Protein (AKAP)-Binding Site on RII. Classification Of Side Chain Determinants for Anchoring and Isoform Selective Association with AKAPs","volume":"271","author":"Hausken","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3721","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.89.9.3721","article-title":"Molecular Cloning and Expression of Human Myocardial CGMP-Inhibited CAMP Phosphodiesterase","volume":"89","author":"Meacci","year":"1992","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_164","first-page":"1312","article-title":"MiR-21 Enhances the Protective Effect of Loperamide on Rat Cardiomyocytes against Hypoxia\/Reoxygenation, Reactive Oxygen Species Production and Apoptosis via Regulating Akap8 and Bard1 Expression","volume":"17","author":"Shen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Exp. Med."},{"key":"ref_165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4066","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2628028100","article-title":"Amino Acid Variant in the Kinase Binding Domain of Dual-Specific A Kinase-Anchoring Protein 2: A Disease Susceptibility Polymorphism","volume":"100","author":"Kammerer","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_166","first-page":"129","article-title":"Association of Gene Polymorphisms with Myocardial Infarction in Individuals with or without Conventional Coronary Risk Factors","volume":"19","author":"Nishihama","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Med."},{"key":"ref_167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1042\/BST0320861","article-title":"AKAP (A-Kinase Anchoring Protein) Domains: Beads of Structure-Function on the Necklace of G-Protein Signalling","volume":"32","author":"Malbon","year":"2004","journal-title":"Biochem. Soc. Trans."},{"key":"ref_168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1588","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.274.3.1588","article-title":"Dynamic Complexes of Beta2-Adrenergic Receptors with Protein Kinases and Phosphatases and the Role of Gravin","volume":"274","author":"Shih","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_169","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19025","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.275.25.19025","article-title":"Gravin-Mediated Formation of Signaling Complexes in Beta 2-Adrenergic Receptor Desensitization and Resensitization","volume":"275","author":"Lin","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Guillory, A.N., Yin, X., Wijaya, C.S., Diaz Diaz, A.C., Rababa\u2019h, A., Singh, S., Atrooz, F., Sadayappan, S., and McConnell, B.K. (2013). Enhanced Cardiac Function in Gravin Mutant Mice Involves Alterations in the \u03b2-Adrenergic Receptor Signaling Cascade. PLoS ONE, 8.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0074784"},{"key":"ref_171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2018.02.200","article-title":"Blockage of AKAP12 Accelerates Angiotensin II (Ang II)-Induced Cardiac Injury in Mice by Regulating the Transforming Growth Factor \u03921 (TGF-\u03921) Pathway","volume":"499","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"ref_172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1341","DOI":"10.1042\/BST20190228","article-title":"The Role of A-Kinase Anchoring Proteins in Cardiac Oxidative Stress","volume":"47","author":"Diviani","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biochem. Soc. Trans."},{"key":"ref_173","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2011.08.045","article-title":"Fine-Tuning of Drp1\/Fis1 Availability by AKAP121\/Siah2 Regulates Mitochondrial Adaptation to Hypoxia","volume":"44","author":"Kim","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol. Cell."},{"key":"ref_174","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schiattarella, G.G., Cattaneo, F., Pironti, G., Magliulo, F., Carotenuto, G., Pirozzi, M., Polishchuk, R., Borzacchiello, D., Paolillo, R., and Oliveti, M. (2016). Correction: Akap1 Deficiency Promotes Mitochondrial Aberrations and Exacerbates Cardiac Injury Following Permanent Coronary Ligation via Enhanced Mitophagy and Apoptosis. PLoS ONE, 11.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0158934"},{"key":"ref_175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2006.07.025","article-title":"Dynamic Regulation of CAMP Synthesis through Anchored PKA-Adenylyl Cyclase V\/VI Complexes","volume":"23","author":"Bauman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mol. Cell."},{"key":"ref_176","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2004.04.017","article-title":"A-Kinase Anchoring Protein Targeting of Protein Kinase A in the Heart","volume":"37","author":"Ruehr","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_177","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1167","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.147.6.1167","article-title":"The A-Kinase-Anchoring Protein AKAP95 Is a Multivalent Protein with a Key Role in Chromatin Condensation at Mitosis","volume":"147","author":"Collas","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Cell. Biol."},{"key":"ref_178","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-018-0805-5","article-title":"MicroRNA-21 Prevents Excessive Inflammation and Cardiac Dysfunction after Myocardial Infarction through Targeting KBTBD7","volume":"9","author":"Yang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell. Death Dis."},{"key":"ref_179","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1002\/pro.2593","article-title":"D-AKAP2:PKA RII:PDZK1 Ternary Complex Structure: Insights from the Nucleation of a Polyvalent Scaffold","volume":"24","author":"Sarma","year":"2015","journal-title":"Protein. Sci."},{"key":"ref_180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8461","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0610393104","article-title":"Gene-Trapped Mouse Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Cardiac Myocytes and Human Genetics Implicate AKAP10 in Heart Rhythm Regulation","volume":"104","author":"Tingley","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_181","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2261","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/17.8.2261","article-title":"A Novel Lipid-Anchored A-Kinase Anchoring Protein Facilitates CAMP-Responsive Membrane Events","volume":"17","author":"Fraser","year":"1998","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"ref_182","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13093","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2135335100","article-title":"Beta-Adrenergic Regulation Requires Direct Anchoring of PKA to Cardiac CaV1.2 Channels via a Leucine Zipper Interaction with A Kinase-Anchoring Protein 15","volume":"100","author":"Hulme","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_183","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16574","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0607294103","article-title":"Phosphorylation of Serine 1928 in the Distal C-Terminal Domain of Cardiac CaV1.2 Channels during Beta1-Adrenergic Regulation","volume":"103","author":"Hulme","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_184","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33851","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.274.48.33851","article-title":"Functional Regulation of L-Type Calcium Channels via Protein Kinase A-Mediated Phosphorylation of the Beta(2) Subunit","volume":"274","author":"Gerhardstein","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.embor.7401081","article-title":"AKAP Complex Regulates Ca2+ Re-Uptake into Heart Sarcoplasmic Reticulum","volume":"8","author":"Lygren","year":"2007","journal-title":"EMBO Rep."},{"key":"ref_186","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6763","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M115.638585","article-title":"Regulation of Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Ca2+ ATPase 2 (SERCA2) Activity by Phosphodiesterase 3A (PDE3A) in Human Myocardium: Phosphorylation-Dependent Interaction of PDE3A1 with SERCA2","volume":"290","author":"Ahmad","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_187","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.110.065425","article-title":"The Large Isoforms of A-Kinase Anchoring Protein 18 Mediate the Phosphorylation of Inhibitor-1 by Protein Kinase A and the Inhibition of Protein Phosphatase 1 Activity","volume":"79","author":"Singh","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_188","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1066843","article-title":"Requirement of a Macromolecular Signaling Complex for Beta Adrenergic Receptor Modulation of the KCNQ1-KCNE1 Potassium Channel","volume":"295","author":"Marx","year":"2002","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_189","first-page":"943","article-title":"[Precise recognition method of structure-function determinants of protein molecules]","volume":"36","author":"Ponomarenko","year":"1991","journal-title":"Biofizika"},{"key":"ref_190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44247","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M106629200","article-title":"AKAP-Lbc Anchors Protein Kinase A and Nucleates Galpha 12-Selective Rho-Mediated Stress Fiber Formation","volume":"276","author":"Diviani","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_191","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamcr.2013.11.008","article-title":"A-Kinase Anchoring Protein-Lbc Promotes pro-Fibrotic Signaling in Cardiac Fibroblasts","volume":"1843","author":"Cavin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"ref_192","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Diviani, D., Osman, H., and Reggi, E. (2018). A-Kinase Anchoring Protein-Lbc: A Molecular Scaffold Involved in Cardiac Protection. J. Cardiovasc. Dev. Dis., 5.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcdd5010012"},{"key":"ref_193","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1042\/BJ20140606","article-title":"The Crystal Structure of the RhoA-AKAP-Lbc DH-PH Domain Complex","volume":"464","author":"Knapp","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biochem. J."},{"key":"ref_194","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10140","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0701099104","article-title":"The A-Kinase Anchoring Protein (AKAP)-Lbc-Signaling Complex Mediates Alpha1 Adrenergic Receptor-Induced Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy","volume":"104","author":"Cotecchia","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7925","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M110.185645","article-title":"A-Kinase Anchoring Protein (AKAP)-Lbc Anchors a PKN-Based Signaling Complex Involved in A1-Adrenergic Receptor-Induced P38 Activation","volume":"286","author":"Cariolato","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_196","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2903","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.00031-13","article-title":"A-Kinase Anchoring Protein Lbc Coordinates a P38 Activating Signaling Complex Controlling Compensatory Cardiac Hypertrophy","volume":"33","author":"Cariolato","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Biol."},{"key":"ref_197","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2004.09.015","article-title":"AKAP-Lbc Nucleates a Protein Kinase D Activation Scaffold","volume":"15","author":"Carnegie","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mol. Cell."},{"key":"ref_198","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2008.08.030","article-title":"AKAP-Lbc Mobilizes a Cardiac Hypertrophy Signaling Pathway","volume":"32","author":"Carnegie","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mol. Cell."},{"key":"ref_199","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9460","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.271.16.9460","article-title":"Cloning and Characterization of a Novel A-Kinase Anchoring Protein. AKAP 220, Association with Testicular Peroxisomes","volume":"271","author":"Lester","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/16.1.35","article-title":"Ezrin Is a Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinase Anchoring Protein","volume":"16","author":"Dransfield","year":"1997","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"ref_201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1627","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0337678100","article-title":"Protein Kinase A-Anchoring (AKAP) Domains in Brefeldin A-Inhibited Guanine Nucleotide-Exchange Protein 2 (BIG2)","volume":"100","author":"Li","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abb.2006.06.010","article-title":"The Intermediate Filament Protein, Synemin, Is an AKAP in the Heart","volume":"456","author":"Russell","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch. Biochem. Biophys."},{"key":"ref_203","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamcr.2007.04.004","article-title":"Identification and Mapping of Protein Kinase A Binding Sites in the Costameric Protein Myospryn","volume":"1773","author":"Reynolds","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"ref_204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M110.148684","article-title":"Cardiac Troponin T, a Sarcomeric AKAP, Tethers Protein Kinase A at the Myofilaments","volume":"286","author":"Sumandea","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3264","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2005.03.089","article-title":"Compartmentalisation of Phosphodiesterases and Protein Kinase A: Opposites Attract","volume":"579","author":"Baillie","year":"2005","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"ref_206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2005.07.003","article-title":"Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterase (PDE) Superfamily: A New Target for the Development of Specific Therapeutic Agents","volume":"109","author":"Lugnier","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.119.042178","article-title":"A Novel Role of Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterase 10A in Pathological Cardiac Remodeling and Dysfunction","volume":"141","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12881","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.272.20.12881","article-title":"Protein Kinase A Anchoring","volume":"272","author":"Scott","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_209","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, S., Knight, W.E., and Yan, C. (2018). Roles of PDE1 in Pathological Cardiac Remodeling and Dysfunction. J. Cardiovasc. Dev. Dis., 5.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcdd5020022"},{"key":"ref_210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9009","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)39450-4","article-title":"Proteolytic Activation of Calmodulin-Dependent Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterase","volume":"260","author":"Kincaid","year":"1985","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.2002.00903.x","article-title":"Reciprocal Regulation of Calcium Dependent and Calcium Independent Cyclic AMP Hydrolysis by Protein Phosphorylation","volume":"81","author":"Ang","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"ref_212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1023","DOI":"10.1007\/s00395-011-0228-2","article-title":"Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterase 1A: A Key Regulator of Cardiac Fibroblast Activation and Extracellular Matrix Remodeling in the Heart","volume":"106","author":"Miller","year":"2011","journal-title":"Basic Res. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1973","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)68134-2","article-title":"Purification and Characterization of a Cyclic GMP-Stimulated Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterase from Bovine Tissues","volume":"257","author":"Martins","year":"1982","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_214","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1596","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2013.05.057","article-title":"Phosphodiesterase-2 Is up-Regulated in Human Failing Hearts and Blunts \u03b2-Adrenergic Responses in Cardiomyocytes","volume":"62","author":"Mehel","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H1246","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00852.2013","article-title":"PDE2-Mediated CAMP Hydrolysis Accelerates Cardiac Fibroblast to Myofibroblast Conversion and Is Antagonized by Exogenous Activation of CGMP Signaling Pathways","volume":"306","author":"Vettel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_216","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e21374","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.21374","article-title":"PDE2A2 Regulates Mitochondria Morphology and Apoptotic Cell Death via Local Modulation of CAMP\/PKA Signalling","volume":"6","author":"Monterisi","year":"2017","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"ref_217","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.116.310069","article-title":"Phosphodiesterase 2 Protects Against Catecholamine-Induced Arrhythmia and Preserves Contractile Function After Myocardial Infarction","volume":"120","author":"Vettel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"ref_218","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000200178.34179.93","article-title":"Compartmentalized Phosphodiesterase-2 Activity Blunts \u03b2-Adrenergic Cardiac Inotropy via an NO\/CGMP-Dependent Pathway","volume":"98","author":"Mongillo","year":"2006","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"ref_219","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e52221","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.52221","article-title":"\u03923-Adrenoceptor Redistribution Impairs NO\/CGMP\/PDE2 Signalling in Failing Cardiomyocytes","volume":"9","author":"Schobesberger","year":"2020","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"ref_220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1006\/geno.1996.0493","article-title":"Characterization of the CDNA and Gene Encoding Human PDE3B, the CGIP1 Isoform of the Human Cyclic GMP-Inhibited Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterase Family","volume":"36","author":"Miki","year":"1996","journal-title":"Genomics"},{"key":"ref_221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38072","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M203647200","article-title":"Isoforms of Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterase PDE3A in Cardiac Myocytes","volume":"277","author":"Wechsler","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_222","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1528","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI117825","article-title":"Distinctive Anatomical Patterns of Gene Expression for CGMP-Inhibited Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases","volume":"95","author":"Reinhardt","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"ref_223","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12331","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.275.16.12331","article-title":"Functions of the N-Terminal Region of Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterase 3 (PDE 3) Isoforms","volume":"275","author":"Kenan","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_224","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E2253","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1416230112","article-title":"Targeted Disruption of PDE3B, but Not PDE3A, Protects Murine Heart from Ischemia\/Reperfusion Injury","volume":"112","author":"Chung","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2013.08.003","article-title":"Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterase 3A1 Protects the Heart against Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury","volume":"64","author":"Oikawa","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_226","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.111.300003","article-title":"Phosphodiesterase Type 3A Regulates Basal Myocardial Contractility Through Interacting With Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Calcium ATPase Type 2a Signaling Complexes in Mouse Heart","volume":"112","author":"Beca","year":"2013","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"ref_227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2004.07.017","article-title":"PI3Kgamma Modulates the Cardiac Response to Chronic Pressure Overload by Distinct Kinase-Dependent and -Independent Effects","volume":"118","author":"Patrucco","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_228","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2011.01.030","article-title":"Integrating Cardiac PIP3 and CAMP Signaling through a PKA Anchoring Function of P110\u03b3","volume":"42","author":"Perino","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol. Cell."},{"key":"ref_229","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1765","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellsig.2007.03.012","article-title":"Role of Phosphodiesterase Type 3A and 3B in Regulating Platelet and Cardiac Function Using Subtype-Selective Knockout Mice","volume":"19","author":"Sun","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cell. Signal."},{"key":"ref_230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"748","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198309293091302","article-title":"Evaluation of a New Bipyridine Inotropic Agent--Milrinone--in Patients with Severe Congestive Heart Failure","volume":"309","author":"Baim","year":"1983","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_231","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1468","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199111213252103","article-title":"Effect of Oral Milrinone on Mortality in Severe Chronic Heart Failure. The PROMISE Study Research Group","volume":"325","author":"Packer","year":"1991","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_232","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41A","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(89)90392-5","article-title":"Effect of Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors on Survival of Patients with Chronic Congestive Heart Failure","volume":"63","author":"Packer","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_233","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fertig, B.A., and Baillie, G.S. (2018). PDE4-Mediated CAMP Signalling. J. Cardiovasc. Dev. Dis., 5.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcdd5010008"},{"key":"ref_234","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3135","DOI":"10.1006\/jmcc.1997.0544","article-title":"Altered Expression of PDE1 and PDE4 Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterase Isoforms in 7-Oxo-Prostacyclin-Preconditioned Rat Heart","volume":"29","author":"Kostic","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2651","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI44747","article-title":"Phosphodiesterase 4B in the Cardiac L-Type Ca2+ Channel Complex Regulates Ca2+ Current and Protects against Ventricular Arrhythmias in Mice","volume":"121","author":"Leroy","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"ref_236","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2015.09.011","article-title":"Interaction between Phosphodiesterases in the Regulation of the Cardiac \u03b2-Adrenergic Pathway","volume":"88","author":"Zhao","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_237","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Huang, H., Xie, M., Gao, L., Zhang, W., Zhu, X., Wang, Y., Li, W., Wang, R., Chen, K., and Boutjdir, M. (2019). Rolipram, a PDE4 Inhibitor, Enhances the Inotropic Effect of Rat Heart by Activating SERCA2a. Front. Pharmacol., 10.","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2019.00221"},{"key":"ref_238","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1024","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.111.250464","article-title":"Phosphodiesterase 4D Regulates Baseline Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Ca2+ Release and Cardiac Contractility, Independently of L-Type Ca2+ Current","volume":"109","author":"Beca","year":"2011","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"ref_239","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9140","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M805366200","article-title":"The Cardiac IKs Potassium Channel Macromolecular Complex Includes the Phosphodiesterase PDE4D3","volume":"284","author":"Terrenoire","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvx036","article-title":"Heterologous Desensitization of Cardiac \u03b2-Adrenergic Signal via Hormone-Induced \u0392AR\/Arrestin\/PDE4 Complexes","volume":"113","author":"Shi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Res."},{"key":"ref_241","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2005.07.030","article-title":"Phosphodiesterase 4D Deficiency in the Ryanodine-Receptor Complex Promotes Heart Failure and Arrhythmias","volume":"123","author":"Lehnart","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_242","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1193","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745-7254.2005.00139.x","article-title":"Gene Transfer of Heat-Shock Protein 20 Protects against Ischemia\/Reperfusion Injury in Rat Hearts","volume":"26","author":"Zhu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Acta Pharm. Sin."},{"key":"ref_243","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33465","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M802307200","article-title":"Human Mutation in the Anti-Apoptotic Heat Shock Protein 20 Abrogates Its Cardioprotective Effects","volume":"283","author":"Nicolaou","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_244","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1474","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000129179.66631.00","article-title":"Small Heat-Shock Protein Hsp20 Phosphorylation Inhibits Beta-Agonist-Induced Cardiac Apoptosis","volume":"94","author":"Fan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"ref_245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1042\/BST20110673","article-title":"PKA Phosphorylation of the Small Heat-Shock Protein Hsp20 Enhances Its Cardioprotective Effects","volume":"40","author":"Edwards","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biochem. Soc. Trans."},{"key":"ref_246","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"872","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2011.02.006","article-title":"Disruption of the Cyclic AMP Phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4)-HSP20 Complex Attenuates the \u03b2-Agonist Induced Hypertrophic Response in Cardiac Myocytes","volume":"50","author":"Sin","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_247","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fob.2014.10.011","article-title":"Targeted Disruption of the Heat Shock Protein 20-Phosphodiesterase 4D (PDE4D) Interaction Protects against Pathological Cardiac Remodelling in a Mouse Model of Hypertrophy","volume":"4","author":"Martin","year":"2014","journal-title":"FEBS Open Bio."},{"key":"ref_248","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2016.06.064","article-title":"Ca2+\/Calmodulin-Activated Phosphodiesterase 1A Is Highly Expressed in Rabbit Cardiac Sinoatrial Nodal Cells and Regulates Pacemaker Function","volume":"98","author":"Lukyanenko","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Mol. Cell Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_249","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2010.03.016","article-title":"Phosphodiesterase 8A (PDE8A) Regulates Excitation\u2013Contraction Coupling in Ventricular Myocytes","volume":"49","author":"Patrucco","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(99)00220-X","article-title":"Beta-Adrenergic Receptor Agonists and Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors: Shifting the Focus from Inotropy to Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate","volume":"34","author":"Movsesian","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_251","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2011.11.007","article-title":"The Pathophysiology of Heart Failure","volume":"21","author":"Kemp","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_252","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.88.2.684","article-title":"Development of Short-Term Myocardial Hibernation. Its Limitation by the Severity of Ischemia and Inotropic Stimulation","volume":"88","author":"Schulz","year":"1993","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_253","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1622","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(92)90629-2","article-title":"Potential Arrhythmogenic Role of Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate (AMP) and Cytosolic Calcium Overload: Implications for Prophylactic Effects of Beta-Blockers in Myocardial Infarction and Proarrhythmic Effects of Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors","volume":"19","author":"Lubbe","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_254","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1730","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.318.7200.1730","article-title":"Beta Blockade after Myocardial Infarction: Systematic Review and Meta Regression Analysis","volume":"318","author":"Freemantle","year":"1999","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref_255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1007\/s40256-017-0221-8","article-title":"The Real Role of \u03b2-Blockers in Daily Cardiovascular Therapy","volume":"17","author":"Szentes","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am. J. Cardiovasc. Drugs"},{"key":"ref_256","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1176","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.111.245092","article-title":"Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure with \u03b2-Adrenergic Receptor Antagonists: A Convergence of Receptor Pharmacology and Clinical Cardiology","volume":"109","author":"Bristow","year":"2011","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"ref_257","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.100.3.305","article-title":"Alpha- and Beta-Adrenergic Pathways Differentially Regulate Cell Type-Specific Apoptosis in Rat Cardiac Myocytes","volume":"100","author":"Hasegawa","year":"1999","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_258","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1329","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.98.13.1329","article-title":"Norepinephrine Stimulates Apoptosis in Adult Rat Ventricular Myocytes by Activation of the Beta-Adrenergic Pathway","volume":"98","author":"Communal","year":"1998","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_259","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574030","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2020.574030","article-title":"Protein Kinase Inhibitor Peptide as a Tool to Specifically Inhibit Protein Kinase A","volume":"11","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4379","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.82.13.4379","article-title":"Identification of an Inhibitory Region of the Heat-Stable Protein Inhibitor of the CAMP-Dependent Protein Kinase","volume":"82","author":"Scott","year":"1985","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_261","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg3978","article-title":"Knocking down Disease: A Progress Report on SiRNA Therapeutics","volume":"16","author":"Wittrup","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Genet."},{"key":"ref_262","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13320","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1822113116","article-title":"Small-Molecule Allosteric Activators of PDE4 Long Form Cyclic AMP Phosphodiesterases","volume":"116","author":"Omar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_263","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexcr.2012.12.016","article-title":"Regulation of MEF2 Transcriptional Activity by Calcineurin\/MAKAP Complexes","volume":"319","author":"Li","year":"2013","journal-title":"Exp. Cell. Res."},{"key":"ref_264","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd.2017.229","article-title":"Biased Signalling: From Simple Switches to Allosteric Microprocessors","volume":"17","author":"Smith","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Drug Discov."},{"key":"ref_265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35668","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M114.618819","article-title":"Development and Characterization of Pepducins as Gs-Biased Allosteric Agonists","volume":"289","author":"Carr","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_266","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E4107","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1606267113","article-title":"\u03b2-Arrestin-Biased Signaling through the \u03922-Adrenergic Receptor Promotes Cardiomyocyte Contraction","volume":"113","author":"Carr","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_267","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4664","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.26619","article-title":"Pepducin-Mediated Cardioprotection via \u03b2-Arrestin-Biased \u03922-Adrenergic Receptor-Specific Signaling","volume":"8","author":"Grisanti","year":"2018","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"ref_268","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1002\/emmm.201100182","article-title":"Cardiovascular Disease Review Series","volume":"3","author":"Dimmeler","year":"2011","journal-title":"EMBO Mol. Med."},{"key":"ref_269","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1586\/14779072.6.5.669","article-title":"Myocardial Repair: From Salvage to Tissue Reconstruction","volume":"6","author":"Ruvinov","year":"2008","journal-title":"Expert. Rev. Cardiovasc."},{"key":"ref_270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4427","DOI":"10.2174\/138161282130151007150300","article-title":"Nanocarriers Assisted SiRNA Gene Therapy for the Management of Cardiovascular Disorders","volume":"21","author":"Maheshwari","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr. Pharm. Des."},{"key":"ref_271","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.119.042573","article-title":"Cardiac Overexpression of PDE4B Blunts \u03b2-Adrenergic Response and Maladaptive Remodeling in Heart Failure","volume":"142","author":"Karam","year":"2020","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_272","unstructured":"(2018). Stoschitzky\u2019, \u2019Kurt Individual Beta-Blockers for Individual Patients. e-J. Esc. Counc. Cardiol. Pract., 6."}],"container-title":["Cells"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-4409\/10\/4\/922\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T05:48:53Z","timestamp":1760161733000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-4409\/10\/4\/922"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,16]]},"references-count":272,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]}},"alternative-id":["cells10040922"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cells10040922","relation":{},"ISSN":["2073-4409"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2073-4409","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,16]]}}}