{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T01:57:24Z","timestamp":1760234244982,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,25]],"date-time":"2021-04-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619308800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005632","name":"Narodowe Centrum Bada\u0144 i Rozwoju","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["STRATEGMED II\/269364\/5NCBR\/2015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["STRATEGMED II\/269364\/5NCBR\/2015"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005632","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008530","name":"European Regional Development Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["POPW.01.03.00-06-003\/09-00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["POPW.01.03.00-06-003\/09-00"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008530","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Immune modulatory factors like indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) generating kynurenine (Kyn) and receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) contribute to endometrial and cancer microenvironment. Using adequate experimental models is needed to learn about the significance of these molecular factors in endometrial biology. In this paper we study IDO1 activity and RAGE expression in the in vitro cultured primary human endometrial cells derived from cancerous and noncancerous tissue. Methods: The generated primary cell cultures from cancer and noncancerous endometrial tissues were characterized using immunofluorescence and Western Blot for expression of endometrial and cancer markers. IDO1 activity was studied by Kyn quantification with High Performance Liquid Chromatography with Diode Array Detector. Results: The primary cultures of endometrial cells were obtained with 80% success rate and no major genetic aberrations. The cells retained in vitro expression of markers (mucin MUC1 and HER2) or immunomodulatory factors (RAGE and IDO1). Increased Kyn secretion was associated with cancer endometrial cell culture in contrast to the control one. Conclusions: Primary endometrial cells express immune modulatory factors RAGE and IDO1 in vitro associated with cancer phenotype of endometrium.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10051013","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,25]],"date-time":"2021-04-25T22:31:39Z","timestamp":1619389899000},"page":"1013","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Immunomodulatory Factors in Primary Endometrial Cell Cultures Isolated from Cancer and Noncancerous Human Tissue\u2013Focus on RAGE and IDO1"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4800-3740","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joanna","family":"Tkaczuk-W\u0142ach","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Diagnostic Techniques Unit, Collegium Maximum, Medical University of Lublin, Staszica 4\/6, 20-081 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7532-805X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Witold","family":"K\u0119dzierski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 12, 20-033 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ilona","family":"Jonik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 12, 20-033 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1154-7581","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ilona","family":"Sadok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Separation and Spectroscopic Method Applications, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Konstantynow 1J, 20-708 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7591-5887","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Agata","family":"Filip","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cancer Genetics with Cytogenetic Laboratory, Medical University of Lublin, Radziwillowska 11, 20-080 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Kankofer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 12, 20-033 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6455-5636","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wojciech","family":"Polkowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Oncology, Medical University of Lublin, Radziwillowska 13, 20-080 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Piotr","family":"Zi\u00f3\u0142kowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathomorphology, Wroclaw Medical University, Marcinkowskiego 1, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrzej","family":"Gamian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Weigla 12, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1119-2397","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Magdalena","family":"Staniszewska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Separation and Spectroscopic Method Applications, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Konstantynow 1J, 20-708 Lublin, Poland"},{"name":"SDS Optic S.A., Centrum ECOTECH-COMPLEX, Block A, 20-612 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humimm.2018.07.003","article-title":"Implications of uterine NK cells and regulatory T cells in the endometrium of infertile women","volume":"79","author":"Kofod","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hum. 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