{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T17:40:49Z","timestamp":1792690849012,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":162,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,2]],"date-time":"2021-06-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622592000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Brain arteriovenous malformations (BAVMs) and cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) are rare developmental anomalies of the intracranial vasculature, with an irregular tendency to rupture, and as of yet incompletely deciphered pathophysiology. Because of their variety in location, morphology, and size, as well as unpredictable natural history, they represent a management challenge. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are strands of non-coding RNA of around 20 nucleotides that are able to modulate the expression of target genes by binding completely or partially to their respective complementary sequences. Recent breakthroughs have been made on elucidating their contribution to BAVM and CCM occurrence, growth, and evolution; however, there are still countless gaps in our understanding of the mechanisms involved. Methods: We have searched the Medline (PubMed; PubMed Central) database for pertinent articles on miRNAs and their putative implications in BAVMs and CCMs. To this purpose, we employed various permutations of the terms and idioms: \u2018arteriovenous malformation\u2019, \u2018AVM\u2019, and \u2018BAVM\u2019, or \u2018cavernous malformation\u2019, \u2018cavernoma\u2019, and \u2018cavernous angioma\u2019 on the one hand; and \u2018microRNA\u2019, \u2018miRNA\u2019, and \u2018miR\u2019 on the other. Using cross-reference search; we then investigated additional articles concerning the individual miRNAs identified in other cerebral diseases. Results: Seven miRNAs were discovered to play a role in BAVMs, three of which were downregulated (miR-18a, miR-137, and miR-195*) and four upregulated (miR-7-5p, miR-199a-5p, miR-200b-3p, and let-7b-3p). Similarly, eight miRNAs were identified in CCM in humans and experimental animal models, two being upregulated (miR-27a and mmu-miR-3472a), and six downregulated (miR-125a, miR-361-5p, miR-370-3p, miR-181a-2-3p, miR-95-3p, and let-7b-3p). Conclusions: The following literature review endeavored to address the recent discoveries related to the various implications of miRNAs in the formation and growth of BAVMs and CCMs. Additionally, by presenting other cerebral pathologies correlated with these miRNAs, it aimed to emphasize the potential directions of upcoming research and biological therapies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10061373","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,2]],"date-time":"2021-06-02T10:38:39Z","timestamp":1622630319000},"page":"1373","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["An Insight into the microRNAs Associated with Arteriovenous and Cavernous Malformations of the Brain"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Ioan Alexandru","family":"Florian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Neurosurgery, Cluj County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrei","family":"Buruiana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Genetics, Iuliu Ha\u021bieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4776-7247","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teodora Larisa","family":"Timis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergiu","family":"Susman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Morphological Sciences\u2014Histology, Iuliu Hatieganu, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ioan Stefan","family":"Florian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Neurosurgery, Cluj County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adrian","family":"Balasa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Neurosurgery, T\u00eergu Mure\u0219 County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 540136 T\u00eergu Mure\u0219, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, T\u00eergu Mure\u0219 University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology, 540139 T\u00eergu Mure\u0219, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5828-1325","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ioana","family":"Berindan-Neagoe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Institute of Doctoral Studies, \u201cIuliu Hatieganu\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E7","DOI":"10.3171\/2014.6.FOCUS14250","article-title":"Natural history of brain arteriovenous malformations: A systematic review","volume":"37","author":"Abecassis","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurosurg Focus."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"70","article-title":"Multimodality treatment of brain arteriovenous malformation. 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