{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T12:28:34Z","timestamp":1793104114448,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,6]],"date-time":"2021-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625529600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100015400","name":"Fonds Erasme pour la recherche m\u00e9dicale","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["bouse Chlo\u00e9"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["bouse Chlo\u00e9"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100015400","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>While sudden loss of perfusion is responsible for ischemia, failure to supply the required amount of oxygen to the tissues is defined as hypoxia. Among several pathological conditions that can impair brain perfusion and oxygenation, cardiocirculatory arrest is characterized by a complete loss of perfusion to the brain, determining a whole brain ischemic-anoxic injury. Differently from other threatening situations of reduced cerebral perfusion, i.e., caused by increased intracranial pressure or circulatory shock, resuscitated patients after a cardiac arrest experience a sudden restoration of cerebral blood flow and are exposed to a massive reperfusion injury, which could significantly alter cellular metabolism. Current evidence suggests that cell populations in the central nervous system might use alternative metabolic pathways to glucose and that neurons may rely on a lactate-centered metabolism. Indeed, lactate does not require adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to be oxidated and it could therefore serve as an alternative substrate in condition of depleted energy reserves, i.e., reperfusion injury, even in presence of adequate tissue oxygen delivery. Lactate enriched solutions were studied in recent years in healthy subjects, acute heart failure, and severe traumatic brain injured patients, showing possible benefits that extend beyond the role as alternative energetic substrates. In this manuscript, we addressed some key aspects of the cellular metabolic derangements occurring after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury and examined the possible rationale for the administration of lactate enriched solutions in resuscitated patients after cardiac arrest.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10071714","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,6]],"date-time":"2021-07-06T11:36:44Z","timestamp":1625571404000},"page":"1714","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Brain Protection after Anoxic Brain Injury: Is Lactate Supplementation Helpful?"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1271-9034","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Filippo","family":"Annoni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care, Erasme Hospital, Free University of Brussels, Route de Lennik 808, 1070 Anderlecht, Belgium"},{"name":"Laboratory of Acute Brain Injury and Therapeutic Strategies, Department of Neuroscience, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6885-5353","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Peluso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care, Erasme Hospital, Free University of Brussels, Route de Lennik 808, 1070 Anderlecht, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2062-465X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elisa","family":"Gouv\u00eaa Bogossian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care, Erasme Hospital, Free University of Brussels, Route de Lennik 808, 1070 Anderlecht, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacques","family":"Creteur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care, Erasme Hospital, Free University of Brussels, Route de Lennik 808, 1070 Anderlecht, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3011-8718","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elisa R.","family":"Zanier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Acute Brain Injury and Therapeutic Strategies, Department of Neuroscience, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabio Silvio","family":"Taccone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care, Erasme Hospital, Free University of Brussels, Route de Lennik 808, 1070 Anderlecht, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Grasner, J.T., Herlitz, J., Tjelmeland, I., Wnent, J., Masterson, S., Lilja, G., Bein, B., Bottiger, B.W., Rossell-Ortiz, F., and Nolan, J.P. 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