{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T13:18:28Z","timestamp":1790774308344,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,20]],"date-time":"2021-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1626739200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007393","name":"Association Fran\u00e7aise contre les Myopathies","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["17708"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["17708"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007393","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001665","name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ANR-PRCI-18-CE92-0009-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-PRCI-18-CE92-0009-01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001665","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Fibrosis is a deleterious invasion of tissues associated with many pathological conditions, such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) for which no cure is at present available for its prevention or its treatment. Fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) are resident cells in the human skeletal muscle and can differentiate into myofibroblasts, which represent the key cell population responsible for fibrosis. In this study, we delineated the pool of microRNAs (miRNAs) that are specifically modulated by TGF\u03b21 in FAPs versus myogenic progenitors (MPs) by a global miRNome analysis. A subset of candidates, including several \u201cFibromiRs\u201d, was found differentially expressed between FAPs and MPs and was also deregulated in DMD versus healthy biopsies. Among them, the expression of the TGF\u03b21-induced miR-199a~214 cluster was strongly correlated with the fibrotic score in DMD biopsies. Loss-of-function experiments in FAPs indicated that a miR-214-3p inhibitor efficiently blocked expression of fibrogenic markers in both basal conditions and following TGF\u03b21 stimulation. We found that FGFR1 is a functional target of miR-214-3p, preventing the signaling of the anti-fibrotic FGF2 pathway during FAP fibrogenesis. Overall, our work demonstrates that the \u00ab FibromiR \u00bb miR-214-3p is a key activator of FAP fibrogenesis by modulating the FGF2\/FGFR1\/TGF\u03b2 axis, opening new avenues for the treatment of DMD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10071832","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,20]],"date-time":"2021-07-20T11:26:10Z","timestamp":1626780370000},"page":"1832","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["The FibromiR miR-214-3p Is Upregulated in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy and Promotes Differentiation of Human Fibro-Adipogenic Muscle Progenitors"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Nicole","family":"Arrighi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine, CNRS, Inserm, iBV, Universit\u00e9 C\u00f4te d\u2019Azur, 06107 Nice, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudine","family":"Moratal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine, CNRS, Inserm, iBV, Universit\u00e9 C\u00f4te d\u2019Azur, 06107 Nice, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gr\u00e9goire","family":"Savary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"FHU-OncoAge, CNRS, IPMC, Universit\u00e9 C\u00f4te d\u2019Azur, 06560 Valbonne, France"},{"name":"CANTHER-Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, Institut Pasteur Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Universit\u00e9 de Lille, UMR9020-UMR-S 1277, 59000 Lille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julien","family":"Fassy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"FHU-OncoAge, CNRS, IPMC, Universit\u00e9 C\u00f4te d\u2019Azur, 06560 Valbonne, 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