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Likewise, the complex spike responses of PCs, which are evoked by climbing fiber inputs and thus reflect the activity of the inferior olive (IO), show the same dichotomy. However, it is not known whether the target neurons of PCs in the cerebellar nuclei (CN) maintain this bimodal distribution. Electrophysiological recordings in awake adult mice show that the rate of action potential firing of CN neurons that receive input from Z+ PCs was consistently lower than that of CN neurons innervated by Z\u2013 PCs. Similar in vivo recordings in juvenile and adolescent mice indicated that the firing frequency of CN neurons correlates to the ZebrinII identity of the PC afferents in adult, but not postnatal stages. Finally, the spontaneous action potential firing pattern of adult CN neurons recorded in vitro revealed no significant differences in intrinsic pacemaking activity between ZebrinII identities. Our findings indicate that all three main components of the olivocerebellar loop, i.e., PCs, IO neurons and CN neurons, operate at a higher rate in the Z\u2013 modules.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10102686","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,8]],"date-time":"2021-10-08T08:41:49Z","timestamp":1633682509000},"page":"2686","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Activity of Cerebellar Nuclei Neurons Correlates with ZebrinII Identity of Their Purkinje Cell Afferents"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3038-5023","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gerrit C.","family":"Beekhof","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015 AA Rotterdam, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), 1105 BA Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simona V.","family":"Gornati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015 AA Rotterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9594-1564","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cathrin B.","family":"Canto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), 1105 BA Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Avraham M.","family":"Libster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Edmond & Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences (ELSC), Department of Neurobiology, Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91904, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2675-1393","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martijn","family":"Schonewille","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015 AA Rotterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chris I.","family":"De Zeeuw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015 AA Rotterdam, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), 1105 BA Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Freek E.","family":"Hoebeek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015 AA Rotterdam, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department for Developmental Origins of Disease, Wilhelmina Children\u2019s Hospital, Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 EA Utrecht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bandl.2009.07.006","article-title":"The cerebellum and language: Evidence from patients with cerebellar degeneration","volume":"110","author":"Stoodley","year":"2009","journal-title":"Brain Lang."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1038\/s41583-019-0152-2","article-title":"Emerging connections between cerebellar development, behaviour and complex brain disorders","volume":"20","author":"Sathyanesan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. 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