{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T05:36:53Z","timestamp":1790660213215,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,21]],"date-time":"2021-10-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1634774400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004359","name":"Swedish research council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2016-02317"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016-02317"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004359","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003792","name":"Hj\u00e4rnfonden","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["201801"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["201801"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003792","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Demensfonden","award":["20182020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20182020"]}]},{"name":"Lindh\u00e9s stiftelse","award":["20200310"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20200310"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009673","name":"Gun and Bertil Stohne's Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20200830"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20200830"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009673","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Gamla Tj\u00e4narinnor stiftelse","award":["2020201905"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020201905"]}]},{"name":"\u00c5hlen stiftelse","award":["02311"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["02311"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008599","name":"Alzheimerfonden","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20180925"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20180925"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008599","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Tore Nilsson stiftelse,","award":["20210310"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20210310"]}]},{"name":"KI Geriatric research","award":["20200421"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20200421"]}]},{"name":"KI fund","award":["202104"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202104"]}]},{"name":"ALF Foundation for medicine","award":["20182020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20182020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD) treatment is constrained due to the inability of peripherally administered therapeutic molecules to cross the blood\u2013brain barrier. Encapsulated cell biodelivery (ECB) devices, a tissue-targeted approach for local drug release, was previously optimized for human mature nerve growth factor (hmNGF) delivery in AD patients but was found to have reduced hmNGF release over time. To understand the reason behind reduced ECB efficacy, we exposed hmNGF-releasing cells (NGC0211) in vitro to human cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) obtained from Subjective Cognitive Impairment (SCI), Lewy Body Dementia (LBD), and AD patients. Subsequently, we exposed NGC0211 cells directly to AD-related factors like amyloid-\u03b2 peptides (A\u03b240\/42) or activated astrocyte-conditioned medium (A\u03b240\/42\/IL-1\u03b2\/TNF\u03b1-treated) and evaluated biochemical stress markers, cell death indicators, cell proliferation marker (Ki67), and hmNGF release. We found that all patients\u2019 CSF significantly reduced hmNGF release from NGC0211 cells in vitro. A\u03b240\/42, inflammatory molecules, and activated astrocytes significantly affected NGC0211 cell proliferation without altering hmNGF release or other parameters important for essential functions of the NGC0211 cells. Long-term constant cell proliferation within the ECB device is critically important to maintain a steady cell population needed for stable mNGF release. These data show hampered proliferation of NGC0211 cells, which may lead to a decline of the NGC0211 cell population in ECBs, thereby reducing hmNGF release. Our study highlights the need for future studies to strengthen ECB-mediated long-term drug delivery approaches.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10112834","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,21]],"date-time":"2021-10-21T14:37:48Z","timestamp":1634827068000},"page":"2834","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Amyloid-Beta Peptides and Activated Astroglia Impairs Proliferation of Nerve Growth Factor Releasing Cells In Vitro: Implication for Encapsulated Cell Biodelivery-Mediated AD Therapy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6381-5344","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sumonto","family":"Mitra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (NVS), Karolinska Institutet, 141 52 Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Turchetto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurogeriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (NVS), Karolinska Institutet, 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden"},{"name":"GIGA-Stem Cells and GIGA-Neurosciences, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Applied Geno-Proteomics (GIGA-R), University of Li\u00e8ge, 4000 Li\u00e8ge, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Winant","family":"Van Os","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurogeriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (NVS), Karolinska Institutet, 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden"},{"name":"Wiskunde en Natuurwetenschappen, LIC\/Chemical Biology, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lars U.","family":"Wahlberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gloriana Therapeutics, Inc., Warren, Rhode Island, RI 02885, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bengt","family":"Linderoth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Homira","family":"Behbahani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (NVS), Karolinska Institutet, 141 52 Stockholm, Sweden"},{"name":"Karolinska University Laboratories, Karolinska University Hospital, 184 50 Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Eriksdotter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (NVS), Karolinska Institutet, 141 52 Stockholm, Sweden"},{"name":"Theme Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, 141 86 Huddinge, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2019.00062","article-title":"The brain NGF metabolic pathway in health and in Alzheimer\u2019s pathology","volume":"13","author":"Cuello","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. 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