{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T11:29:52Z","timestamp":1787311792646,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,6]],"date-time":"2021-12-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638748800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOST 108-2313-B-010-001-MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST 108-2313-B-010-001-MY3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital","award":["CMRPG2I0071, CMRPG2I0072, and CMRPG2I0073"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CMRPG2I0071, CMRPG2I0072, and CMRPG2I0073"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005866","name":"Far Eastern Memorial Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["110DN03"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["110DN03"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005866","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Obesity is closely linked to metabolic diseases, particularly non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) or non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), ultimately leading to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the molecular mechanisms of NASH-associated HCC (NAHCC) remain elusive. To explore the impact of Max dimerization protein 3 (MXD3), a transcription factor that regulates several cellular functions in disorders associated with metabolic diseases, we conditionally expressed Mxd3 proteins using Tet-on mxd3 transgenic zebrafish (MXs) with doxycycline (MXs + Dox) or without doxycycline (MXs \u2212 Dox) treatment. Overexpression of global MXD3 (gMX) or hepatic Mxd3 (hMX) was associated with obesity-related NAFLD pathophysiology in gMX + Dox, and liver fibrosis and HCC in hMX + Dox. Oil Red O (ORO)-stained signals were seen in intravascular blood vessels and liver buds of larval gMX + Dox, indicating that Mxd3 functionally promotes lipogenesis. The gMX + Dox-treated young adults exhibited an increase in body weight and visceral fat accumulation. The hMX + Dox-treated young adults showed normal body characteristics but exhibited liver steatosis and NASH-like phenotypes. Subsequently, steatohepatitis, liver fibrosis, and NAHCC were found in 6-month-old gMX + Dox adults compared with gMX \u2212 Dox adults at the same stage. Overexpression of Mxd3 also enhanced AR expression accompanied by the increase of AR-signaling pathways resulting in hepatocarcinogenesis in males. Our results demonstrate that global actions of Mxd3 are central to the initiation of obesity in the gMX zebrafish through their effects on adipogenesis and that MXD3 could serve as a therapeutic target for obesity-associated liver diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10123434","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,7]],"date-time":"2021-12-07T02:48:13Z","timestamp":1638845293000},"page":"3434","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["MXD3 Promotes Obesity and the Androgen Receptor Signaling Pathway in Gender-Disparity Hepatocarcinogenesis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8191-4036","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yi-Wen","family":"Tsai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung 204, Taiwan"},{"name":"College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kuo-Shyang","family":"Jeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of General Surgery, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei 220, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mu-Kuang","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Taipei First Girls High School, Taipei 100, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2709-1040","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yang-Wen","family":"Hsieh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202, Taiwan"},{"name":"Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8464-8071","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hsin-Hung","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0755-8018","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chi-Yu","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chun-Chieh","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei 220, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiung-Fang","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of General Surgery, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei 220, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chung-Tsui","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei 220, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5478-3878","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guor Mour","family":"Her","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.cellbio.16.1.653","article-title":"The Myc\/Max\/Mad network and the transcriptional control of cell behavior","volume":"16","author":"Grandori","year":"2000","journal-title":"Annu Rev. 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