{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T04:44:23Z","timestamp":1790484263985,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,16]],"date-time":"2021-12-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1639612800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Alzheimer Forschungsinitiative e.V.","award":["AFI #18072"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AFI #18072"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Despite the immense functional relevance of GPR56 (gene ADGRG1) in highly diverse (patho)physiological processes such as tumorigenesis, immune regulation, and brain development, little is known about its exact tissue localization. Here, we validated antibodies for GPR56-specific binding using cells with tagged GPR56 or eliminated ADGRG1 in immunotechniques. Using the most suitable antibody, we then established the human GPR56 tissue expression profile. Overall, ADGRG1 RNA-sequencing data of human tissues and GPR56 protein expression correlate very well. In the adult brain especially, microglia are GPR56-positive. Outside the central nervous system, GPR56 is frequently expressed in cuboidal or highly prismatic secreting epithelia. High ADGRG1 mRNA, present in the thyroid, kidney, and placenta is related to elevated GPR56 in thyrocytes, kidney tubules, and the syncytiotrophoblast, respectively. GPR56 often appears in association with secreted proteins such as pepsinogen A in gastric chief cells and insulin in islet \u03b2-cells. In summary, GPR56 shows a broad, not cell-type restricted expression in humans.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10123557","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,16]],"date-time":"2021-12-16T11:27:36Z","timestamp":1639654056000},"page":"3557","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Adhesion GPCR GPR56 Expression Profiling in Human Tissues"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0683-1732","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fyn","family":"Kaiser","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Laboratories and Clinic of Visceral, Transplantation, Thoracic, and Vascular Surgery, Leipzig University and University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3817-5186","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Markus","family":"Morawski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paul Flechsig Institute of Brain Research, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8110-1273","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Knut","family":"Krohn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Core Unit DNA-Technologies, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nada","family":"Rayes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Laboratories and Clinic of Visceral, Transplantation, Thoracic, and Vascular Surgery, Leipzig University and University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheng-Chih","family":"Hsiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, 1105 Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marianne","family":"Quaas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Laboratories and Clinic of Visceral, Transplantation, Thoracic, and Vascular Surgery, Leipzig University and University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriela","family":"Aust","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Laboratories and Clinic of Visceral, Transplantation, Thoracic, and Vascular Surgery, Leipzig University and University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9023","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0602681103","article-title":"GPR56, an atypical G protein-coupled receptor, binds tissue transglutaminase, TG2, and inhibits melanoma tumor growth and metastasis","volume":"103","author":"Xu","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc. 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