{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T10:13:44Z","timestamp":1792318424463,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,12]],"date-time":"2022-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1641945600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Union","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GA813599"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GA813599"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>TRIM36 is a member of the tripartite motif (TRIM) family of RING-containing proteins, also known as Haprin, which was first discovered for its abundance in testis and found to be implicated in the spermatozoa acrosome reaction. TRIM36 is a microtubule-associated E3 ubiquitin ligase that plays a role in cytoskeletal organization, and according to data gathered in different species, coordinates growth speed and stability, acting on the microtubules\u2019 plus end, and impacting on cell cycle progression. TRIM36 is also crucial for early developmental processes, in Xenopus, where it is needed for dorso-ventral axis formation, but also in humans as bi-allelic mutations in the TRIM36 gene cause a form of severe neural tube closure defect, called anencephaly. Here, we review TRIM36-related mechanisms implicated in such composite physiological and pathological processes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11020246","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,12]],"date-time":"2022-01-12T04:15:25Z","timestamp":1641960925000},"page":"246","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Microtubular TRIM36 E3 Ubiquitin Ligase in Embryonic Development and Spermatogenesis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Martina","family":"Mascaro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"In\u00eas","family":"Lages","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2531-114X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Germana","family":"Meroni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2140","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/20.9.2140","article-title":"The tripartite motif family identifies cell compartments","volume":"20","author":"Reymond","year":"2001","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.1002\/bies.20304","article-title":"TRIM\/RBCC, a novel class of \u2019single protein RING finger\u2019 E3 ubiquitin ligases","volume":"27","author":"Meroni","year":"2005","journal-title":"Bioessays"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-biochem-060310-170328","article-title":"The ubiquitin code","volume":"81","author":"Komander","year":"2012","journal-title":"Annu. 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