{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T10:26:31Z","timestamp":1790418391184,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,21]],"date-time":"2022-01-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642723200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Spermatogenesis is a complex process occurring in mammalian testes, and constant sperm production depends on the exact regulation of the microenvironment in the testes. Many studies have indicated the crucial role of blood\u2013testis barrier (BTB) junctions and retinoic acid (RA) signaling in the spermatogenesis process. The BTB consists of junctions between adjacent Sertoli cells, comprised mainly of tight junctions and gap junctions. In vitamin A-deficient mice, halted spermatogenesis could be rebooted by RA or vitamin A administration, indicating that RA is absolutely required for spermatogenesis. Accordingly, this manuscript will review and discuss how RA and the BTB regulate spermatogenesis and the interaction between RA signaling and BTB function.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11030352","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,21]],"date-time":"2022-01-21T08:37:18Z","timestamp":1642754238000},"page":"352","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Action and Interaction between Retinoic Acid Signaling and Blood\u2013Testis Barrier Function in the Spermatogenesis Cycle"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5999-7966","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child Rehabilitation Division, Huai\u2019an Maternal and Child Care Hospital, Huai\u2019an 223002, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4498-6831","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yunyan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, The Affiliated Huai\u2019an No.1 People\u2019s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai\u2019an 223300, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00013.2015","article-title":"Spermatogenesis: The Commitment to Meiosis","volume":"96","author":"Griswold","year":"2016","journal-title":"Physiol. 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