{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T05:11:16Z","timestamp":1791090676550,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,28]],"date-time":"2022-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643328000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003407","name":"Ministry of Education, Universities and Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["none"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["none"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003407","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Testicular torsion is a pathology that occurs in young males generally before the age of 25. Despite surgery representing the only effective approach, there is still a need to identify a marker that can predict whether a preserved testicle will be functional. In addition, no therapeutic approach is currently considered in the post-operative phase. Through an approach based on the in vitro culture of a tissue strictly linked to the testicle, the gubernaculum, we defined the healthy state of the organ and the possible responsiveness to a therapy used in the andrology field, chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). Firstly, we optimized a protocol to obtain viable cells starting from a small piece of gubernacular tissue harvested during surgery with the aim to amplify cells in vitro. Intriguingly, only for a patient whose testicle had been removed during surgery due to an excessive necrotic area, gubernacular cells were not able to grow in culture. These data support the possibility of exploiting the gubernaculum to evaluate the healthy state of the testicle. Then, as we demonstrate that gubernacular cells express a luteinizing hormone receptor, to which hCG is specific, we analyzed the cellular response to hCG treatment on in vitro cultured cells derived from patients affected by testicular torsion. Our study opens the way for the possibility of evaluating testicle wellbeing after derotation through in vitro culture of a small piece of gubernaculum together with predicting the response to the treatment with hCG, which can have a positive effect on cell proliferation and vascularization.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11030450","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,29]],"date-time":"2022-01-29T01:41:59Z","timestamp":1643420519000},"page":"450","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Testicular Torsion: Preliminary Results of In Vitro Cell Stimulation Using Chorionic Gonadotropin"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Andrea","family":"Errico","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco Saverio","family":"Camoglio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Paediatrics and Gynaecology, Paediatric Fertility Lab, Woman and Child Hospital, Division of Pediatric Surgery, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0296-3789","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicola","family":"Zampieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Paediatrics and Gynaecology, Paediatric Fertility Lab, Woman and Child Hospital, Division of Pediatric Surgery, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6390-4184","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ilaria","family":"Dando","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"83","article-title":"Mean Platelet Volume and Testicular Torsion: New Findings","volume":"16","author":"Peretti","year":"2019","journal-title":"Urol. 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Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.112.103382","article-title":"Insulin-like 3 signaling is important for testicular descent but dispensable for spermatogenesis and germ cell survival in adult mice","volume":"87","author":"Huang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biol. Reprod."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-09-0518","article-title":"The role of RXFP2 in mediating androgen-induced inguinoscrotal testis descent in LH receptor knockout mice","volume":"139","author":"Yuan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Reproduction"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2171","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)65122-1","article-title":"Testicular migration: Remodeling of connective tissue and muscle cells in human gubernaculum testis","volume":"167","author":"Costa","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. 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Endocrinol."}],"container-title":["Cells"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-4409\/11\/3\/450\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T22:09:35Z","timestamp":1760134175000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-4409\/11\/3\/450"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,28]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]}},"alternative-id":["cells11030450"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cells11030450","relation":{},"ISSN":["2073-4409"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2073-4409","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,28]]}}}