{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]],"date-time":"2026-01-30T09:58:20Z","timestamp":1769767100689,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":88,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,30]],"date-time":"2022-03-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1648598400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004281","name":"National Science Center","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2017\/25\/B\/NZ9\/00040"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017\/25\/B\/NZ9\/00040"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004281","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004895","name":"European Social Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["POWR.03.05.00-00-Z310\/17"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["POWR.03.05.00-00-Z310\/17"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004895","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Chemerin (CHEM) is a hormone mainly expressed in adipocytes involved in the regulation of energy homeostasis and inflammatory response. CHEM expression has been demonstrated in the structures of the porcine hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, as well as in the uterus, trophoblasts and conceptuses of pigs. In this study, we performed high-throughput proteomic analyses (liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry, LC-MS\/MS) to examine the influence of CHEM (400 ng\/mL) on differentially regulated proteins (DRPs) in the porcine endometrial tissue explants during implantation (15 to 16 days of gestation). Among all 352 DRPs, 164 were up-regulated and 188 were down-regulated in CHEM-treated group. DRPs were assigned to 47 gene ontology (GO) terms (p-adjusted &lt; 0.05). Validation of four DRPs (IFIT5, TGF\u03b21, ACO1 and PGRMC1) by Western blot analysis confirmed the veracity and accuracy of the LC-MS\/MS method used in the present study. We suggest that CHEM, by modulating various protein expressions, takes part in the endometrial cell proliferation, migration and invasion at the time of implantation. It also regulates the endometrial immune response, sensitivity to P4 and the formation of new blood vessels. Additionally, CHEM appears to be an important factor involved in endothelial cell dysfunction during the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. The identification of a large number of DRPs under the influence of CHEM provides a valuable resource for understanding the molecular mechanisms of this hormone action during implantation, which is a prerequisite for better control of pig reproduction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11071161","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,30]],"date-time":"2022-03-30T21:22:14Z","timestamp":1648675334000},"page":"1161","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Chemerin Effect on the Endometrial Proteome of the Domestic Pig during Implantation Obtained by LC-MS\/MS Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6158-0243","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kinga","family":"Orzechowska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego St. 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kamil","family":"Dobrzy\u0144","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego St. 5, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8677-5282","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marta","family":"Kie\u017cun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego St. 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6599-901X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Agata","family":"Malinowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics PAS, 5a Pawi\u0144skiego St., 02-106 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9373-4008","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bianka","family":"\u015awiderska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics PAS, 5a Pawi\u0144skiego St., 02-106 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1643-026X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tadeusz","family":"Kami\u0144ski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego St. 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5364-1387","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nina","family":"Smoli\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego St. 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-09-0158","article-title":"Comparative aspects of implantation","volume":"138","author":"Bazer","year":"2009","journal-title":"Reproduction"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-2480-6_2","article-title":"Amino Acids and Conceptus Development During the Peri-Implantation Period of Pregnancy","volume":"843","author":"Bazer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. Biol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-85686-1_2","article-title":"Insights into the Regulation of Implantation and Placentation in Humans, Rodents, Sheep, and Pigs","volume":"1354","author":"Stenhouse","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. Biol."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diff.2013.11.005","article-title":"Pig blastocyst-uterine interactions","volume":"87","author":"Bazer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Differentiation"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1530\/JOE-17-0436","article-title":"Thyroid hormone regulates protease expression and activation of Notch signaling in implantation and embryo development","volume":"236","author":"Piccirilli","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2010.06.079","article-title":"Thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor and thyroid hormone receptors are involved in human endometrial physiology","volume":"95","author":"Aghajanova","year":"2011","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/6.10.951","article-title":"Leptin modulates extracellular matrix molecules and metalloproteinases: Possible implications for trophoblast invasion","volume":"6","author":"Castellucci","year":"2000","journal-title":"Mol. Hum. Reprod."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gudelska, M., Dobrzyn, K., Kiezun, M., Kisielewska, K., Rytelewska, E., Kaminski, T., and Smolinska, N. (2022). Chemerin affects P4 and E2 synthesis in the porcine endometrium during early pregnancy. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 23.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23020945"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28175","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M700793200","article-title":"Chemerin, a novel adipokine that regulates adipogenesis and adipocyte metabolism","volume":"282","author":"Goralski","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R79","DOI":"10.1530\/JOE-18-0174","article-title":"Chemerin: A multifaceted adipokine involved in metabolic disorders","volume":"238","author":"Helfer","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1002\/iub.1242","article-title":"Processing, signaling, and physiological function of chemerin","volume":"66","author":"Mattern","year":"2014","journal-title":"IUBMB Life"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2020.10.040","article-title":"Chemerin as a modulator of ovarian steroidogenesis in pigs: An in vitro study","volume":"160","author":"Rytelewska","year":"2021","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5600","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2012-1424","article-title":"Chemerin, a novel regulator of follicular steroidogenesis and its potential involvement in polycystic ovarian syndrome","volume":"153","author":"Wang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.113.117044","article-title":"CHEMERIN (RARRES2) decreases in vitro granulosa cell steroidogenesis and blocks oocyte meiotic progression in bovine species","volume":"90","author":"Reverchon","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biol. Reprod."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Smolinska, N., Kiezun, M., Dobrzyn, K., Rytelewska, E., Kisielewska, K., Gudelska, M., Zaobidna, E., Bogus-Nowakowska, K., Wyrebek, J., and Bors, K. (2019). Expression of chemerin and its receptors in the porcine hypothalamus and plasma chemerin levels during the oestrous cycle and early pregnancy. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 20.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20163887"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2020.07.032","article-title":"Expression of chemerin receptors CMKLR1, GPR1 and CCRL2 in the porcine pituitary during the oestrous cycle and early pregnancy and the effect of chemerin on MAPK\/Erk1\/2, Akt and AMPK signalling pathways","volume":"157","author":"Kisielewska","year":"2020","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106532","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2020.106532","article-title":"Relative abundance of chemerin mRNA transcript and protein in pituitaries of pigs during the estrous cycle and early pregnancy and associations with LH and FSH secretion during the estrous cycle","volume":"219","author":"Kisielewska","year":"2020","journal-title":"Anim. Reprod. Sci."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1002\/mrd.23391","article-title":"Expression of chemerin and its receptors in the ovaries of prepubertal and mature gilts","volume":"87","author":"Rytelewska","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol. Reprod. Dev."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2116","DOI":"10.1017\/S175173112000097X","article-title":"The expression of chemerin and its receptors (CMKLR1, GPR1, CCRL2) in the porcine uterus during the oestrous cycle and early pregnancy and in trophoblasts and conceptuses","volume":"14","author":"Gudelska","year":"2020","journal-title":"Animal"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1007\/s11684-017-0577-9","article-title":"Role of chemerin\/CMKLR1 in the maintenance of early pregnancy","volume":"12","author":"Yang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Med."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pierzcha\u0142a, D., Liput, K., Korwin-Kossakowska, A., Og\u0142uszka, M., Po\u0142awska, E., Nawrocka, A., Urba\u0144ski, P., Ciep\u0142och, A., Juszczuk-Kubiak, E., and Lepczy\u0144ski, A. (2021). Molecular characterisation of uterine endometrial proteins during early stages of pregnancy in pigs by MALDI TOF\/TOF. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 22.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22136720"},{"key":"ref_22","first-page":"443","article-title":"Effect of adiponectin on the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, P450 side chain cleavage enzyme and 3\u03b2-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase gene expression, progesterone and androstenedione production by the porcine uterus during early pregnancy","volume":"67","author":"Smolinska","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Physiol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1111\/rda.13700","article-title":"Orexin B affects the transcriptome of incubated in vitro porcine endometrial explants from the early-implantation period","volume":"56","author":"Dobrzyn","year":"2021","journal-title":"Reprod. Domest. Anim."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2301","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2016.136","article-title":"The MaxQuant computational platform for mass spectrometry-based shotgun proteomics","volume":"11","author":"Tyanova","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Protoc."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.3901","article-title":"The Perseus computational platform for comprehensive analysis of (prote)omics data","volume":"13","author":"Tyanova","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1074\/mcp.M116.065524","article-title":"Extended multiplexing of Tandem Mass Tags (TMT) labeling reveals age and high fat diet specific proteome changes in mouse epididymal adipose tissue","volume":"16","author":"Plubell","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Proteom."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"W83","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkw199","article-title":"g:Profiler-a web server for functional interpretation of gene lists (2016 update)","volume":"44","author":"Reimand","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1038\/75556","article-title":"Gene ontology: Tool for the unification of biology","volume":"25","author":"Ashburner","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D353","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkw1092","article-title":"KEGG: New perspectives on genomes, pathways, diseases and drugs","volume":"45","author":"Kanehisa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"ref_30","first-page":"502","article-title":"Physiological action of progesterone in target tissues","volume":"18","author":"Graham","year":"1997","journal-title":"Endocr. Rev."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2017.05.006","article-title":"Progesterone-mediated non-classical signaling","volume":"28","author":"Garg","year":"2017","journal-title":"Trends Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2007.02.002","article-title":"Progesterone receptor membrane component 1: An integrative review","volume":"105","author":"Cahill","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2008.02.012","article-title":"Expression of progesterone receptor membrane component 1 and its partner serpine 1 mRNA binding protein in uterine and placental tissues of the mouse and human","volume":"287","author":"Zhang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.repbio.2013.01.170","article-title":"Expression of progesterone receptor membrane component (PGRMC) 1 and 2, serpine mRNA binding protein 1 (SERBP1) and nuclear progesterone receptor (PGR) in the bovine endometrium during the estrous cycle and the first trimester of pregnancy","volume":"13","author":"Kowalik","year":"2013","journal-title":"Reprod. Biol."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2019.12.019","article-title":"Increase in FoxP3, CD56 immune cells and decrease in glands PGRMC1 expression in the endometrium are associated with recurrent miscarriages","volume":"245","author":"Lyzikova","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. J. Obstet. Gynecol. Reprod. Biol."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/gap095","article-title":"Novel pathways for implantation and establishment and maintenance of pregnancy in mammals","volume":"16","author":"Bazer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol. Hum. Reprod."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"936","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2008-1026","article-title":"Stanniocalcin 1 is a luminal epithelial marker for implantation in pigs regulated by progesterone and estradiol","volume":"150","author":"Song","year":"2009","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1098","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmab028","article-title":"Stanniocalcin-1 in the female reproductive system and pregnancy","volume":"27","author":"Bishop","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod. Update"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2549","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dep222","article-title":"Is there a uniform basal endometrial gene expression profile during the implantation window in women who became pregnant in a subsequent ICSI cycle?","volume":"24","author":"Allegra","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardiores.2005.12.002","article-title":"Structure and function of matrix metalloproteinases and TIMPs","volume":"69","author":"Nagase","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Res."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1002\/mrd.20931","article-title":"Bovine endometrial legumain and TIMP-2 regulation in response to presence of a conceptus","volume":"76","author":"Ledgard","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mol. Reprod. Dev."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2010.09.009","article-title":"Bovine endometrial metallopeptidases MMP14 and MMP2 and the metallopeptidase inhibitor TIMP2 participate in maternal preparation of pregnancy","volume":"332","author":"Ulbrich","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/0301-2115(96)02507-9","article-title":"Immunohistochemical localization of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-2 (TIMP-2) in first trimester human placental decidua","volume":"68","author":"Marzusch","year":"1996","journal-title":"Eur. J. Obstet. Gynecol. Reprod. Biol."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/S0143-4004(96)90047-8","article-title":"The distribution of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-2 (TIMP-2) in the human placenta","volume":"17","author":"Ruck","year":"1996","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acthis.2004.07.005","article-title":"Distribution patterns of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and -9 and their inhibitors (TIMP-1 and TIMP-2) in the human decidua during early pregnancy","volume":"106","author":"Seval","year":"2004","journal-title":"Acta Histochem."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1007\/s10735-011-9319-5","article-title":"Cytoskeletal remodelling proteins identified in fetal-maternal interface in pregnant women and rhesus monkeys","volume":"42","author":"Paule","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Mol. Histol."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod59.4.905","article-title":"Beta transforming growth factors (TGFss) at the porcine conceptus-maternal interface. Part I: Expression of TGFbeta1, TGFbeta2, and TGFbeta3 messenger ribonucleic acids","volume":"59","author":"Gupta","year":"1998","journal-title":"Biol. Reprod."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod59.4.911","article-title":"Beta transforming growth factors (TGFbeta) at the porcine conceptus-maternal interface. Part II: Uterine TGFbeta bioactivity and expression of immunoreactive TGFbetas (TGFbeta1, TGFbeta2, and TGFbeta3) and their receptors (type I and type II)","volume":"59","author":"Gupta","year":"1998","journal-title":"Biol. Reprod."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1136\/mp.55.3.186","article-title":"Temporal and spatial expression of connective tissue growth factor (CCN2; CTGF) and transforming growth factor \u03b2 type 1 (TGF-\u03b21) at the utero-placental interface during early pregnancy in the pig","volume":"55","author":"Moussad","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Clin. Pathol. Mol. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-09-0447","article-title":"Transforming growth factor beta (TGFB) signaling is activated during porcine implantation: Proposed role for latency-associated peptide interactions with integrins at the conceptus-maternal interface","volume":"139","author":"Massuto","year":"2010","journal-title":"Reproduction"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"796","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod55.4.796","article-title":"Differential expression of beta transforming growth factors (TGF\u03b21, TGF\u03b22, and TGF\u03b23) and their receptors (Type I and Type II) in peri-implantation porcine conceptuses","volume":"55","author":"Gupta","year":"1996","journal-title":"Biol. Reprod."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1677\/jme.0.0180243","article-title":"Inappropriate expression of human transforming growth factor (TGF)-\u03b1 in the uterus of transgenic mouse causes downregulation of TGF-\u03b2 receptors and delays the blastocyst-attachment reaction","volume":"18","author":"Das","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Mol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.1210\/mend-4-7-965","article-title":"Cell type-specific expression of transforming growth factor-beta 1 in the mouse uterus during the periimplantation period","volume":"4","author":"Tamada","year":"1990","journal-title":"Mol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-0378(95)00929-F","article-title":"Immunosuppressive activity of a porcine high-molecular weight uterine macromolecule is associated with transforming growth factor-\u03b2","volume":"29","author":"Segerson","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Reprod. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2016.01.014","article-title":"Endoglin (CD105) coordinates the process of endometrial receptivity for embryo implantation","volume":"425","author":"Chadchan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.1092380204","article-title":"Initial vascularisation in the pig placenta: I. Demonstration of nonglandular areas by histology and corrosion casts","volume":"238","author":"Dantzer","year":"1994","journal-title":"Anat. Rec."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3359","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms4359","article-title":"MHC-dependent inhibition of uterine NK cells impedes fetal growth and decidual vascular remodelling","volume":"5","author":"Kieckbusch","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3603","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2012-1102","article-title":"Chemerin regulates NK cell accumulation and endothelial cell morphogenesis in the decidua during early pregnancy","volume":"97","author":"Carlino","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2018.12.015","article-title":"TGFb1 suppresses the activation of distinct dNK subpopulations in preeclampsia","volume":"39","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5748","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1207610","article-title":"The carcinoma-associated antigen EpCAM upregulates c-myc and induces cell proliferation","volume":"23","author":"Kieu","year":"2004","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2007.070152","article-title":"Epithelial cell adhesion molecule: More than a carcinoma marker and adhesion molecule","volume":"171","author":"Trzpis","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1007\/s11060-014-1459-5","article-title":"The overexpression of epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) in glioma","volume":"119","author":"Chen","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Neurooncol."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Martowicz, A., Spizzo, G., Gastl, G., and Untergasser, G. (2012). Phenotype-dependent effects of EpCAM expression on growth and invasion of human breast cancer cell lines. BMC Cancer, 12.","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2407-12-501"},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1158\/1541-7786.MCR-12-0518","article-title":"EpCAM modulates NF-\u03baB signaling and interleukin-8 expression in breast cancer","volume":"11","author":"Sankpal","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mol. Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112685","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexcr.2021.112685","article-title":"Development of a recombinant anti-VEGFR2-EPCAM bispecific antibody to improve antiangiogenic efficiency","volume":"405","author":"Barzaman","year":"2021","journal-title":"Exp. Cell Res."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1738","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.103.024109","article-title":"Clonogenicity of human endometrial epithelial and stromal cells","volume":"70","author":"Chan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Biol. Reprod."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.1337","article-title":"Estrogen and progesterone together expand murine endometrial epithelial progenitor cells","volume":"31","author":"Janzen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1159\/000146874","article-title":"Immunohistochemical Detection of an Epithelial Membrane Protein in Rat Embryos at Different Stages of Development","volume":"137","author":"Tarmann","year":"1990","journal-title":"Cells Tissues Organs"},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16223","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M100630200","article-title":"Cloning of an immunoglobulin family adhesion molecule selectively expressed by endothelial cells","volume":"276","author":"Hirata","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34598","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M304890200","article-title":"Targeted disruption of endothelial cell-selective adhesion molecule inhibits angiogenic processes in vitro and in vivo","volume":"278","author":"Ishida","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.178.2.449","article-title":"PECAM-1 is required for transendothelial migration of leukocytes","volume":"178","author":"Muller","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1219","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1690453","article-title":"PECAM-1 (CD31) cloning and relation to adhesion molecules of the immunoglobulin gene superfamily","volume":"247","author":"Newman","year":"1990","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4707","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.156.12.4707","article-title":"NK cell infiltration into lung, liver, and subcutaneous B16 melanoma is mediated by VCAM-1\/VLA-4 interaction","volume":"156","author":"Fogler","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_74","first-page":"181","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of gestational hypertension and preeclampsia","volume":"102","author":"Sibai","year":"2003","journal-title":"Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20210989","article-title":"Placental trophoblast-specific overexpression of chemerin induces preeclampsia-like symptoms","volume":"136","author":"Tan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin. Sci."},{"key":"ref_76","first-page":"689","article-title":"A comparative study of serum level of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1) and high sensitive C\u2014Reactive protein (hs-CRP) in normal and pre-eclamptic pregnancies","volume":"16","author":"Farzadnia","year":"2013","journal-title":"Iran. J. Basic Med. Sci."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-2115(98)00010-4","article-title":"Fetal plasma levels of circulating endothelial cell adhesion molecules in normal and preeclamptic pregnancies","volume":"78","author":"Krauss","year":"1998","journal-title":"Eur. J. Obstet. Gynecol. Reprod. Biol."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(98)70380-1","article-title":"Circulating vascular cell adhesion molecule\u20131 in pre-eclampsia, gestational hypertension, and normal pregnancy: Evidence of selective dysregulation of vascular cell adhesion molecule\u20131 homeostasis in pre-eclampsia","volume":"179","author":"Higgins","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2000.tb13271.x","article-title":"Correlation between placental bed biopsy findings, vascular cell adhesion molecule and fibronectin levels in pre-eclampsia","volume":"107","author":"Madazli","year":"2000","journal-title":"BJOG Int. J. Obstet. Gynaecol."},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1017\/S0967199412000469","article-title":"Distribution of tubulointerstitial nephritis antigen-like 1 and structural matrix proteins in mouse embryos during preimplantation development in vivo and in vitro","volume":"22","author":"Sakurai","year":"2012","journal-title":"Zygote"},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.109.080028","article-title":"Tubulointerstitial nephritis antigen-like 1 is expressed in the uterus and binds with integrins in decidualized endometrium during postimplantation in mice","volume":"82","author":"Igarashi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biol. Reprod."},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"948","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.109.078162","article-title":"Tubulointerstitial Nephritis Antigen-Like 1 is expressed in extraembryonic tissues and interacts with laminin 1 in the reichert membrane at postimplantation in the mouse","volume":"81","author":"Igarashi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biol. Reprod."},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1186\/s12014-017-9144-2","article-title":"Tubulointerstitial nephritis antigen-like 1 protein is downregulated in the placenta of pre-eclamptic women","volume":"14","author":"Mary","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. Proteom."},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1007\/s00439-009-0714-x","article-title":"The ERAP2 gene is associated with preeclampsia in Australian and Norwegian populations","volume":"126","author":"Johnson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hum. Genet."},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.00396","article-title":"The differential expression of ERAP1\/ERAP2 and immune cell activation in pre-eclampsia","volume":"11","author":"Seamon","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-014-0286-y","article-title":"Chemerin plays a protective role by regulating human umbilical vein endothelial cell-induced nitric oxide signaling in preeclampsia","volume":"48","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.regpep.2011.03.005","article-title":"Serum levels of the adipokine chemerin are increased in preeclampsia during and 6months after pregnancy","volume":"168","author":"Stepan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Regul. Pept."},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D543","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkab1038","article-title":"The PRIDE database resources in 2022: A hub for mass spectrometry-based proteomics evidences","volume":"50","author":"Bai","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."}],"container-title":["Cells"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-4409\/11\/7\/1161\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T22:46:19Z","timestamp":1760136379000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-4409\/11\/7\/1161"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,30]]},"references-count":88,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4]]}},"alternative-id":["cells11071161"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cells11071161","relation":{},"ISSN":["2073-4409"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2073-4409","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,30]]}}}