{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T15:47:53Z","timestamp":1790351273575,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":230,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,6]],"date-time":"2022-04-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1649203200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Recent research on the gut microbiome has revealed the influence of gut microbiota (GM) on ischemic stroke pathogenesis and treatment outcomes. Alterations in the diversity, abundance, and functions of the gut microbiome, termed gut dysbiosis, results in dysregulated gut\u2013brain signaling, which induces intestinal barrier changes, endotoxemia, systemic inflammation, and infection, affecting post-stroke outcomes. Gut\u2013brain interactions are bidirectional, and the signals from the gut to the brain are mediated by microbially derived metabolites, such as trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs); bacterial components, such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS); immune cells, such as T helper cells; and bacterial translocation via hormonal, immune, and neural pathways. Ischemic stroke affects gut microbial composition via neural and hypothalamic\u2013pituitary\u2013adrenal (HPA) pathways, which can contribute to post-stroke outcomes. Experimental and clinical studies have demonstrated that the restoration of the gut microbiome usually improves stroke treatment outcomes by regulating metabolic, immune, and inflammatory responses via the gut\u2013brain axis (GBA). Therefore, restoring healthy microbial ecology in the gut may be a key therapeutic target for the effective management and treatment of ischemic stroke.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11071239","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,6]],"date-time":"2022-04-06T16:21:30Z","timestamp":1649262090000},"page":"1239","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":142,"title":["The Influence of Gut Dysbiosis in the Pathogenesis and Management of Ischemic Stroke"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2357-056X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saravana Babu","family":"Chidambaram","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India"},{"name":"Centre for Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Central Animal Facility, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annan Gopinath","family":"Rathipriya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Food and Brain Research Foundation, Chennai 600094, Tamil Nadu, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arehally M.","family":"Mahalakshmi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sonali","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India"},{"name":"Centre for Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Central Animal Facility, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tousif Ahmed","family":"Hediyal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India"},{"name":"Centre for Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Central Animal Facility, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3553-4996","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bipul","family":"Ray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India"},{"name":"Centre for Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Central Animal Facility, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tuladhar","family":"Sunanda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India"},{"name":"Centre for Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Central Animal Facility, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wiramon","family":"Rungratanawanich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20892, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rajpal Singh","family":"Kashyap","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Centre, Dr G. 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