{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T16:32:24Z","timestamp":1790872344485,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,30]],"date-time":"2022-04-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651276800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOP-311262"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOP-311262"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RGPIN-2019-05610"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RGPIN-2019-05610"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000038","name":"Engineered Research Council of Canada (NSERC)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOP-311262"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOP-311262"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000038","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000038","name":"Engineered Research Council of Canada (NSERC)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RGPIN-2019-05610"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RGPIN-2019-05610"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000038","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Psoriasis is an autoimmune skin disease with an increased number of leukocytes infiltrating the dermal and epidermal compartments compared with normal skin. N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) are frequently used in the clinic in order to attenuate the symptoms of psoriasis. For psoriatic patients, a supplementation of the diet with alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) reduces the activation of T cell signaling pathways, leading to a significant reduction in inflammatory cytokine secretion. However, the precise mechanism of action of n-3 PUFAs in psoriasis is still not understood. In the present study, we elucidated the bioaction of ALA on the adaptive immune component of psoriasis by using a psoriatic skin model produced with the addition of activated T cells. Healthy and psoriatic skin substitutes were produced according to the self-assembly method, using culture media supplemented with 10 \u03bcM of ALA. T cells were isolated from blood samples using a negative selection isolation method. ALA supplementation regulated the hyperproliferation and abnormal cell differentiation of psoriatic keratinocytes stimulated by T cells. Additionally, the exogenous ALA was correctly incorporated into the phospholipids of keratinocytes, which resulted in increased levels of ALA, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and n-3 docosapentaenoic acid (n-3 DPA). The infiltration of T cells into the epidermis was reduced when ALA was added to the culture medium, and significant decreases in the levels of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines such as CXCL1, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) were consequently measured in psoriatic substitutes supplemented with this n-3 PUFA. Altogether, our results showed that in this psoriatic skin model enriched with T cells, ALA exerted its beneficial effect by decreasing the quantities of inflammatory mediators released by T cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11091513","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,1]],"date-time":"2022-05-01T06:23:08Z","timestamp":1651386188000},"page":"1513","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Alpha-Linolenic Acid Modulates T Cell Incorporation in a 3D Tissue-Engineered Psoriatic Skin Model"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0624-1804","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sophie","family":"Morin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche en Organog\u00e9n\u00e8se Exp\u00e9rimentale de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 Laval\/LOEX, Axe M\u00e9decine R\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9ratrice, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Qu\u00e9bec-Universit\u00e9 Laval, 1401 18e Rue, Qu\u00e9bec City, QC G1J 2Z4, Canada"},{"name":"Facult\u00e9 de Pharmacie, Universit\u00e9 Laval, Qu\u00e9bec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M\u00e9lissa","family":"Simard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche en Organog\u00e9n\u00e8se Exp\u00e9rimentale de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 Laval\/LOEX, Axe M\u00e9decine R\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9ratrice, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Qu\u00e9bec-Universit\u00e9 Laval, 1401 18e Rue, Qu\u00e9bec City, QC G1J 2Z4, Canada"},{"name":"Facult\u00e9 de Pharmacie, Universit\u00e9 Laval, Qu\u00e9bec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Genevi\u00e8ve","family":"Rioux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche en Organog\u00e9n\u00e8se Exp\u00e9rimentale de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 Laval\/LOEX, Axe M\u00e9decine R\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9ratrice, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Qu\u00e9bec-Universit\u00e9 Laval, 1401 18e Rue, Qu\u00e9bec City, QC G1J 2Z4, Canada"},{"name":"Facult\u00e9 de Pharmacie, Universit\u00e9 Laval, Qu\u00e9bec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9247-6676","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pierre","family":"Julien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche du CHU de Qu\u00e9bec-Universit\u00e9 Laval, Axe Endocrinologie et N\u00e9phrologie, Universit\u00e9 Laval, Qu\u00e9bec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada"},{"name":"D\u00e9partement de M\u00e9decine, Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine, Universit\u00e9 Laval, Qu\u00e9bec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2423-9599","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roxane","family":"Pouliot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche en Organog\u00e9n\u00e8se Exp\u00e9rimentale de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 Laval\/LOEX, Axe M\u00e9decine R\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9ratrice, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Qu\u00e9bec-Universit\u00e9 Laval, 1401 18e Rue, Qu\u00e9bec City, QC G1J 2Z4, Canada"},{"name":"Facult\u00e9 de Pharmacie, Universit\u00e9 Laval, Qu\u00e9bec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)61909-7","article-title":"Psoriasis","volume":"386","author":"Boehncke","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1197","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)12954-6","article-title":"Psoriasis","volume":"361","author":"Lebwohl","year":"2003","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109780","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2019.109780","article-title":"Quality of life, anxiety and depressive symptoms in patients with psoriasis: A case-control study","volume":"124","author":"Nogueras","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. 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