{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:57:52Z","timestamp":1792789072178,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":131,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,14]],"date-time":"2022-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1652486400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER)","award":["FI12\/00254"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FI12\/00254"]}]},{"name":"Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER)","award":["CD15\/00010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CD15\/00010"]}]},{"name":"Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER)","award":["FI20\/00256"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FI20\/00256"]}]},{"name":"Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER)","award":["PI19\/01643"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI19\/01643"]}]},{"name":"Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER)","award":["PI17\/0190"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI17\/0190"]}]},{"name":"Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER)","award":["CP18\/00116"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CP18\/00116"]}]},{"name":"Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER)","award":["CPII16\/00031"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CPII16\/00031"]}]},{"name":"Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER)","award":["CIBEREHD CB06\/04\/0021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CIBEREHD CB06\/04\/0021"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Eosinophils are innate immune granulocytes actively involved in defensive responses and in local and systemic inflammatory processes. Beyond these effector roles, eosinophils are fundamental to maintaining homeostasis in the tissues they reside. Gastrointestinal eosinophils modulate barrier function and mucosal immunity and promote tissue development through their direct communication with almost every cellular component. This is possible thanks to the variety of receptors they express and the bioactive molecules they store and release, including cytotoxic proteins, cytokines, growth factors, and neuropeptides and neurotrophines. A growing body of evidence points to the eosinophil as a key neuro-immune player in the regulation of gastrointestinal function, with potential implications in pathophysiological processes. Eosinophil\u2013neuron interactions are facilitated by chemotaxis and adhesion molecules, and the mediators released may have excitatory or inhibitory effects on each cell type, with physiological consequences dependent on the type of innervation involved. Of special interest are the disorders of the brain\u2013gut interaction (DBGIs), mainly functional dyspepsia (FD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), in which mucosal eosinophilia and eosinophil activation have been identified. In this review, we summarize the main roles of gastrointestinal eosinophils in supporting gut homeostasis and the evidence available on eosinophil\u2013neuron interactions to bring new insights that support the fundamental role of this neuro-immune crosstalk in maintaining gut health and contributing to the pathophysiology of DBGIs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11101644","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,14]],"date-time":"2022-05-14T09:27:56Z","timestamp":1652520476000},"page":"1644","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Eosinophils in the Gastrointestinal Tract: Key Contributors to Neuro-Immune Crosstalk and Potential Implications in Disorders of Brain-Gut Interaction"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Elo\u00edsa","family":"Salvo-Romero","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Mucosal Immunology Group, Digestive System Research Unit, Vall d\u2019Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d\u2019Hebron Hospital Universitari, Passeig Vall d\u2019Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Laboratory of Neuro-Immuno-Gastroenterology, Digestive System Research Unit, Vall d\u2019Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d\u2019Hebron Hospital Universitari, Passeig Vall d\u2019Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Facultad de Medicina, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0633-6774","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bruno K.","family":"Rodi\u00f1o-Janeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neuro-Immuno-Gastroenterology, Digestive System Research Unit, Vall d\u2019Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d\u2019Hebron Hospital Universitari, Passeig Vall d\u2019Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9726-8083","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Merc\u00e9","family":"Albert-Bayo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Mucosal Immunology Group, Digestive System Research Unit, Vall d\u2019Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d\u2019Hebron Hospital Universitari, Passeig Vall d\u2019Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Facultad de Medicina, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beatriz","family":"Lobo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neuro-Immuno-Gastroenterology, Digestive System Research Unit, Vall d\u2019Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d\u2019Hebron Hospital Universitari, Passeig Vall d\u2019Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Facultad de Medicina, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Vall d\u2019Hebron Hospital Universitari, Passeig Vall d\u2019Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4798-5033","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Javier","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neuro-Immuno-Gastroenterology, Digestive System Research Unit, Vall d\u2019Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d\u2019Hebron Hospital Universitari, Passeig Vall d\u2019Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Facultad de Medicina, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Vall d\u2019Hebron Hospital Universitari, Passeig Vall d\u2019Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Hep\u00e1ticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7158-171X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ricard","family":"Farr\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Hep\u00e1ticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), 28029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism (CHROMETA), Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9368-1356","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina","family":"Martinez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vascular and Renal Translational Research Group, Lleida Institute for Biomedical Research Dr. Pifarr\u00e9 Foundation (IRBLleida), Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure 80, 25198 Lleida, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9622-3185","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda","family":"Vicario","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Mucosal Immunology Group, Digestive System Research Unit, Vall d\u2019Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d\u2019Hebron Hospital Universitari, Passeig Vall d\u2019Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Hep\u00e1ticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), 28029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Gastrointestinal Health, Nestl\u00e9 Institute of Health Sciences, Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 des Produits Nestl\u00e9 S.A., Nestl\u00e9 Research, Vers-chez-les-Blanc, 1000 Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.24.021605.090720","article-title":"The eosinophil","volume":"24","author":"Rothenberg","year":"2006","journal-title":"Annu. 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