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Extracellular vesicles (EVs), small lipid-bilayer membrane vesicles released by most cellular types, exert pivotal and multifaceted roles in physiology and disease. Emerging evidence emphasizes the importance of EVs in intercellular communication processes with key effects on cell survival, endothelial homeostasis, inflammation, neoangiogenesis, and thrombosis. This review focuses on EVs as effective signaling molecules able to both derail vascular homeostasis and induce vascular dysfunction, inflammation, plaque progression, and thrombus formation as well as drive anti-inflammation, vascular repair, and atheroprotection. We provide a comprehensive and updated summary of the role of EVs in the development or regression of atherosclerotic lesions, highlighting the link between thrombosis and inflammation. Importantly, we also critically describe their potential clinical use as disease biomarkers or therapeutic agents in atherothrombosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11111845","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,5]],"date-time":"2022-06-05T10:47:11Z","timestamp":1654426031000},"page":"1845","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Extracellular Vesicles as Drivers of Immunoinflammation in Atherothrombosis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0193-3115","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rosa","family":"Suades","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular ICCC Program, Research Institute Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, 08025 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3613-5516","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Francesca","family":"Greco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular ICCC Program, Research Institute Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, 08025 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1921-954X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teresa","family":"Padr\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular ICCC Program, Research Institute Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, 08025 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red Cardiovascular (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9162-2459","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lina","family":"Badimon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular ICCC Program, Research Institute Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, 08025 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red Cardiovascular (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)34997-9","article-title":"The biological significance of the thromboplastic protein of blood","volume":"166","author":"Chargaff","year":"1946","journal-title":"J. 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