{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T22:30:15Z","timestamp":1790634615840,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,14]],"date-time":"2022-06-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1655164800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding","award":["2022-NHLHCRF-PY-20"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022-NHLHCRF-PY-20"]}]},{"name":"National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding","award":["81802224"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81802224"]}]},{"name":"National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding","award":["82072524"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82072524"]}]},{"name":"National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding","award":["7182146"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["7182146"]}]},{"name":"National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding","award":["RZ2020-02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RZ2020-02"]}]},{"name":"National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding","award":["tsqn201909183"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["tsqn201909183"]}]},{"name":"National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding","award":["2020RC008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020RC008"]}]},{"name":"National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding","award":["2020AAC03337"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020AAC03337"]}]},{"name":"National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding","award":["ZR2020QH072"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZR2020QH072"]}]},{"name":"National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding","award":["ZRJY2021-GG12"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZRJY2021-GG12"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022-NHLHCRF-PY-20"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022-NHLHCRF-PY-20"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81802224"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81802224"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82072524"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82072524"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["7182146"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["7182146"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RZ2020-02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RZ2020-02"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["tsqn201909183"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["tsqn201909183"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020RC008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020RC008"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020AAC03337"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020AAC03337"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZR2020QH072"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZR2020QH072"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZRJY2021-GG12"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZRJY2021-GG12"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004826","name":"Beijing Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022-NHLHCRF-PY-20"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022-NHLHCRF-PY-20"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004826","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004826","name":"Beijing Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81802224"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81802224"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004826","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004826","name":"Beijing Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82072524"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82072524"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004826","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004826","name":"Beijing Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["7182146"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["7182146"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004826","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004826","name":"Beijing Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RZ2020-02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RZ2020-02"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004826","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004826","name":"Beijing Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["tsqn201909183"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["tsqn201909183"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004826","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004826","name":"Beijing Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020RC008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020RC008"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004826","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004826","name":"Beijing Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020AAC03337"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020AAC03337"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004826","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004826","name":"Beijing Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZR2020QH072"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZR2020QH072"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004826","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004826","name":"Beijing Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZRJY2021-GG12"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZRJY2021-GG12"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004826","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Biomedical Translational Engineering Research Center of BUCT-CJFH","award":["2022-NHLHCRF-PY-20"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022-NHLHCRF-PY-20"]}]},{"name":"Biomedical Translational Engineering Research Center of BUCT-CJFH","award":["81802224"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81802224"]}]},{"name":"Biomedical Translational Engineering Research Center of BUCT-CJFH","award":["82072524"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82072524"]}]},{"name":"Biomedical Translational Engineering Research Center of BUCT-CJFH","award":["7182146"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["7182146"]}]},{"name":"Biomedical Translational Engineering Research Center of BUCT-CJFH","award":["RZ2020-02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RZ2020-02"]}]},{"name":"Biomedical Translational Engineering Research Center of BUCT-CJFH","award":["tsqn201909183"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["tsqn201909183"]}]},{"name":"Biomedical Translational Engineering Research Center of BUCT-CJFH","award":["2020RC008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020RC008"]}]},{"name":"Biomedical Translational Engineering Research Center of BUCT-CJFH","award":["2020AAC03337"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020AAC03337"]}]},{"name":"Biomedical Translational Engineering Research Center of BUCT-CJFH","award":["ZR2020QH072"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZR2020QH072"]}]},{"name":"Biomedical Translational Engineering Research Center of BUCT-CJFH","award":["ZRJY2021-GG12"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZRJY2021-GG12"]}]},{"name":"Young Taishan Scholars Program of Shandong Province","award":["2022-NHLHCRF-PY-20"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022-NHLHCRF-PY-20"]}]},{"name":"Young Taishan Scholars Program of Shandong Province","award":["81802224"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81802224"]}]},{"name":"Young Taishan Scholars Program of Shandong Province","award":["82072524"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82072524"]}]},{"name":"Young Taishan Scholars Program of Shandong Province","award":["7182146"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["7182146"]}]},{"name":"Young Taishan Scholars Program of Shandong Province","award":["RZ2020-02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RZ2020-02"]}]},{"name":"Young Taishan Scholars Program of Shandong Province","award":["tsqn201909183"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["tsqn201909183"]}]},{"name":"Young Taishan Scholars Program of Shandong Province","award":["2020RC008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020RC008"]}]},{"name":"Young Taishan Scholars Program of Shandong Province","award":["2020AAC03337"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020AAC03337"]}]},{"name":"Young Taishan Scholars Program of Shandong Province","award":["ZR2020QH072"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZR2020QH072"]}]},{"name":"Young Taishan Scholars Program of Shandong Province","award":["ZRJY2021-GG12"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZRJY2021-GG12"]}]},{"name":"Academic promotion program of Shandong First Medical University","award":["2022-NHLHCRF-PY-20"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022-NHLHCRF-PY-20"]}]},{"name":"Academic promotion program of Shandong First Medical University","award":["81802224"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81802224"]}]},{"name":"Academic promotion program of Shandong First Medical University","award":["82072524"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82072524"]}]},{"name":"Academic promotion program of Shandong First Medical University","award":["7182146"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["7182146"]}]},{"name":"Academic promotion program of Shandong First Medical University","award":["RZ2020-02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RZ2020-02"]}]},{"name":"Academic promotion program of Shandong First Medical University","award":["tsqn201909183"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["tsqn201909183"]}]},{"name":"Academic promotion program of Shandong First Medical University","award":["2020RC008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020RC008"]}]},{"name":"Academic promotion program of Shandong First Medical University","award":["2020AAC03337"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020AAC03337"]}]},{"name":"Academic promotion program of Shandong First Medical University","award":["ZR2020QH072"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZR2020QH072"]}]},{"name":"Academic promotion program of Shandong First Medical University","award":["ZRJY2021-GG12"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZRJY2021-GG12"]}]},{"name":"Ningxia Natural Science Foundation","award":["2022-NHLHCRF-PY-20"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022-NHLHCRF-PY-20"]}]},{"name":"Ningxia Natural Science Foundation","award":["81802224"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81802224"]}]},{"name":"Ningxia Natural Science Foundation","award":["82072524"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82072524"]}]},{"name":"Ningxia Natural Science Foundation","award":["7182146"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["7182146"]}]},{"name":"Ningxia Natural Science Foundation","award":["RZ2020-02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RZ2020-02"]}]},{"name":"Ningxia Natural Science Foundation","award":["tsqn201909183"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["tsqn201909183"]}]},{"name":"Ningxia Natural Science Foundation","award":["2020RC008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020RC008"]}]},{"name":"Ningxia Natural Science Foundation","award":["2020AAC03337"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020AAC03337"]}]},{"name":"Ningxia Natural Science Foundation","award":["ZR2020QH072"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZR2020QH072"]}]},{"name":"Ningxia Natural Science Foundation","award":["ZRJY2021-GG12"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZRJY2021-GG12"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007129","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022-NHLHCRF-PY-20"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022-NHLHCRF-PY-20"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007129","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007129","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81802224"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81802224"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007129","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007129","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82072524"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82072524"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007129","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007129","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["7182146"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["7182146"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007129","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007129","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RZ2020-02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RZ2020-02"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007129","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007129","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["tsqn201909183"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["tsqn201909183"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007129","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007129","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020RC008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020RC008"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007129","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007129","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020AAC03337"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020AAC03337"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007129","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007129","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZR2020QH072"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZR2020QH072"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007129","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007129","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZRJY2021-GG12"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZRJY2021-GG12"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007129","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Elite Medical Professionals project of China-Japan Friendship Hospital","award":["2022-NHLHCRF-PY-20"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022-NHLHCRF-PY-20"]}]},{"name":"Elite Medical Professionals project of China-Japan Friendship Hospital","award":["81802224"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81802224"]}]},{"name":"Elite Medical Professionals project of China-Japan Friendship Hospital","award":["82072524"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82072524"]}]},{"name":"Elite Medical Professionals project of China-Japan Friendship Hospital","award":["7182146"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["7182146"]}]},{"name":"Elite Medical Professionals project of China-Japan Friendship Hospital","award":["RZ2020-02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RZ2020-02"]}]},{"name":"Elite Medical Professionals project of China-Japan Friendship Hospital","award":["tsqn201909183"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["tsqn201909183"]}]},{"name":"Elite Medical Professionals project of China-Japan Friendship Hospital","award":["2020RC008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020RC008"]}]},{"name":"Elite Medical Professionals project of China-Japan Friendship Hospital","award":["2020AAC03337"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020AAC03337"]}]},{"name":"Elite Medical Professionals project of China-Japan Friendship Hospital","award":["ZR2020QH072"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZR2020QH072"]}]},{"name":"Elite Medical Professionals project of China-Japan Friendship Hospital","award":["ZRJY2021-GG12"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZRJY2021-GG12"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Glucocorticoids could induce injury and apoptosis of bone microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) in the femoral head, which is associated with the development of osteonecrosis and osteoporosis. Icariin is a prenylated flavonol glycoside isolated from Epimedium brevicornum, serving as the main active pharmaceutical constituent to treat bone loss. Currently, the impact of the autocrine activity of extracellular vesicles (EVs) induced by icariin on the glucocorticoid-induced injury of BMECs is still to be confirmed. In this study, EVs were isolated from BMECs treated with and without icariin by super-speed centrifugation. Although icariin treatment would not significantly change the size and total protein content of BMECs-derived EVs, expression of EVs-carried vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and transforming growth factor \u03b21 (TGF-\u03b21) was enhanced and numerous miRNAs involved in cell proliferation and apoptosis were upregulated (e.g., hsa-miR-1469 and hsa-miR-133a-5p) or downregulated (e.g., hsa-miR-10b-5p) (p &lt; 0.05). A total of 29 differentially expressed inflammatory factors were detected between the EVs secreted by BMECs from the Icariin-treated group and the Model group. The EVs secreted by BMECs could improve cell viability, decrease cell apoptosis, and promote cell migration and angiogenesis under the intervention of glucocorticoids. Meanwhile, icariin intervention could reinforce these protective effects of BMECs-derived EVs. To sum up, the present study indicates that icariin acts as a promising candidate for treating glucocorticoid-induced injury of BMECs and bone diseases, partially through the autocrine activity of EVs. In vivo or animal studies are still required to better understand the function of BMECs-derived EVs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11121921","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,14]],"date-time":"2022-06-14T23:50:14Z","timestamp":1655250614000},"page":"1921","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Autocrine Activity of Extracellular Vesicles Induced by Icariin and Its Effectiveness in Glucocorticoid-Induced Injury of Bone Microvascular Endothelial Cells"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0497-3630","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qingyu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250000, China"},{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, China-Japan Friendship Institute of Clinical Medicine, Beijing 100000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tengqi","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing 100000, China"},{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Shougang Hospital, Beijing 100000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zirong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, China-Japan Friendship Institute of Clinical Medicine, Beijing 100000, China"},{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing 100000, China"},{"name":"Centre for Osteonecrosis and Joint-preserving & Reconstruction, Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jike","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Beijing United Family Hospital (BJU), Beijing 100000, China"},{"name":"School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinjie","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing 100000, China"},{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1823-6516","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fuqiang","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, China-Japan Friendship Institute of Clinical Medicine, Beijing 100000, China"},{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing 100000, China"},{"name":"Centre for Osteonecrosis and Joint-preserving & Reconstruction, Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, China-Japan Friendship Institute of Clinical Medicine, Beijing 100000, China"},{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing 100000, China"},{"name":"Centre for Osteonecrosis and Joint-preserving & Reconstruction, Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2017.10.010","article-title":"Therapeutic Mechanisms of Glucocorticoids","volume":"29","author":"Vandewalle","year":"2018","journal-title":"Trends Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2016.01.062","article-title":"Prevention and management of glucocorticoid-induced side effects: A comprehensive review: A review of glucocorticoid pharmacology and bone health","volume":"76","author":"Caplan","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1188","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.3987","article-title":"Glucocorticoids Disrupt Skeletal Angiogenesis Through Transrepression of NF-\u03baB-Mediated Preosteoclast Pdgfb Transcription in Young Mice","volume":"35","author":"Peng","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Bone Miner. Res."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-021-02390-x","article-title":"Exosomes from miRNA-378-modified adipose-derived stem cells prevent glucocorticoid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head by enhancing angiogenesis and osteogenesis via targeting miR-378 negatively regulated suppressor of fused (Sufu)","volume":"12","author":"Nan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res. Ther."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, J., Ge, Z., Fan, L., and Wang, K. (2017). Protective effects of molecular hydrogen on steroid-induced osteonecrosis in rabbits via reducing oxidative stress and apoptosis. BMC Musculoskelet. Disord., 18.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-017-1431-6"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2017.08.022","article-title":"The skeletal vascular system-Breathing life into bone tissue","volume":"115","author":"Stegen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1956","DOI":"10.4103\/0366-6999.160564","article-title":"Glucocorticoids Significantly Influence the Transcriptome of Bone Microvascular Endothelial Cells of Human Femoral Head","volume":"128","author":"Yu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chin. Med. J."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1026","DOI":"10.1124\/pr.115.010843","article-title":"Botanicals and Their Bioactive Phytochemicals for Women\u2019s Health","volume":"68","author":"Dietz","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-017-4255-1","article-title":"The effect of icariin on bone metabolism and its potential clinical application","volume":"29","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Osteoporos. Int."},{"key":"ref_10","first-page":"6835","article-title":"Protective effects of icariin on human vascular endothelial cells induced by oxidized low-density lipoprotein via modulating caspase-3 and Bcl-2","volume":"17","author":"Hu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol. Med. Rep."},{"key":"ref_11","first-page":"2140","article-title":"Effects of icariin on microRNAs expression in bone microvascular endothelial cells in steroids-induced femoral head lesions","volume":"20","author":"Zhao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chin. J. Tissue Eng. Res."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1535750","DOI":"10.1080\/20013078.2018.1535750","article-title":"Minimal information for studies of extracellular vesicles 2018 (MISEV2018): A position statement of the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles and update of the MISEV2014 guidelines","volume":"7","author":"Thery","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Extracell. Vesicles"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-020-02622-3","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cell derived-exosomes: A modern approach in translational medicine","volume":"18","author":"Nikfarjam","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Transl. Med."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-021-02863-w","article-title":"Application of stem cell-derived exosomes in ischemic diseases: Opportunity and limitations","volume":"19","author":"Babaei","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Transl. Med."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2020.10.007","article-title":"Metformin Increases Exosome Biogenesis and Secretion in U87 MG Human Glioblastoma Cells: A Possible Mechanism of Therapeutic Resistance","volume":"52","author":"Soraya","year":"2021","journal-title":"Arch. Med. Res."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1604","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.O.00071","article-title":"Nontraumatic Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head: Where Do We Stand Today? A Ten-Year Update","volume":"97","author":"Mont","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Bone Joint. Surg. Am."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1070","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2021.10504","article-title":"A steroid-induced osteonecrosis model established using an organ-on-a-chip platform","volume":"22","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Exp. Ther. Med."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2090","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.11.062","article-title":"Endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent vasorelaxant effects of tiliacorinine 12\u2019-O-acetate and mechanisms on isolated rat aorta","volume":"109","author":"Panthiya","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3537","DOI":"10.2147\/JIR.S320839","article-title":"Identification of Key Candidate Genes Related to Inflammatory Osteolysis Associated with Vitamin E-Blended UHMWPE Debris of Orthopedic Implants by Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis and Experimental Confirmation","volume":"14","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Inflamm. Res."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6071","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612823666170615112158","article-title":"Icariin Attenuates Interleukin-1beta-Induced Inflammatory Response in Human Nucleus Pulposus Cells","volume":"23","author":"Hua","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr. Pharm. Des."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-018-2983-9","article-title":"Endothelial cell apoptosis and the role of endothelial cell-derived extracellular vesicles in the progression of atherosclerosis","volume":"76","author":"Paone","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Life Sci."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1159\/000453544","article-title":"Exosomes Derived from Human Pulmonary Artery Endothelial Cells Shift the Balance between Proliferation and Apoptosis of Smooth Muscle Cells","volume":"137","author":"Zhao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cardiology"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"950","DOI":"10.4103\/0366-6999.204112","article-title":"Transforming Growth Factor-beta 1 Involved in the Pathogenesis of Endometriosis through Regulating Expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor under Hypoxia","volume":"130","author":"Yu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chin. Med. J."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2018.03.029","article-title":"The extract of Polygoni Cuspidati Rhizoma et Radix suppresses the vascular endothelial growth factor-induced angiogenesis","volume":"42","author":"Hu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)00121-5","article-title":"TGFbeta signaling in growth control, cancer, and heritable disorders","volume":"103","author":"Massague","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1002\/cbin.10745","article-title":"Propofol protects against hepatic ischemia\/reperfusion injury via miR-133a-5p regulating the expression of MAPK6","volume":"41","author":"Hao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Biol. Int."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1125","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.E17-02-0120","article-title":"Voltage-gated potassium channel blocker 4-aminopyridine induces glioma cell apoptosis by reducing expression of microRNA-10b-5p","volume":"29","author":"Ru","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Cell"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"632493","DOI":"10.1038\/srep32493","article-title":"Identification and functional characterization of the miRNA-gene regulatory network in chronic myeloid leukemia lineage negative cells","volume":"6","author":"Agatheeswaran","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4031","DOI":"10.1038\/srep04031","article-title":"Asada HH. Dll4-containing exosomes induce capillary sprout retraction in a 3D microenvironment","volume":"4","author":"Tan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1111\/acel.12484","article-title":"Secreted microvesicular miR-31 inhibits osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells","volume":"15","author":"Weilner","year":"2016","journal-title":"Aging Cell"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111710","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexcr.2019.111710","article-title":"Endothelial microvesicles induced by physiological cyclic stretch inhibit ICAM1-Dependent leukocyte adhesion","volume":"386","author":"Zhuang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Exp. Cell Res."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.2174\/1389450120666190927122553","article-title":"Study of Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in Bone Homeostasis","volume":"21","author":"Kong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr. Drug Targets"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abb.2014.07.034","article-title":"Bone tissue remodeling and development: Focus on matrix metalloproteinase functions","volume":"561","author":"Paiva","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arch. Biochem. Biophys."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Iacobini, C., Fantauzzi, C.B., Pugliese, G., and Menini, S. (2017). Role of Galectin-3 in Bone Cell Differentiation, Bone Pathophysiology and Vascular Osteogenesis. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 18.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18112481"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152512","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prp.2019.152512","article-title":"miR-17 regulates the proliferation and apoptosis of endothelial cells in coronary heart disease via targeting insulin-like-growth factor 1","volume":"215","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pathol. Res. Pract."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5209","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.43640","article-title":"Dysregulated Sp1\/miR-130b-3p\/HOXA5 axis contributes to tumor angiogenesis and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"10","author":"Liao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, X., Chen, J., Liu, G., Zhang, B., Jin, X., and Wang, Y. (2021). MicroRNA-17-5p, a novel endothelial cell modulator, controls vascular re-endothelialization and neointimal lesion formation. Vascular, 17085381211067672.","DOI":"10.1177\/17085381211067672"}],"container-title":["Cells"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-4409\/11\/12\/1921\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T23:31:23Z","timestamp":1760139083000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-4409\/11\/12\/1921"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,14]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]}},"alternative-id":["cells11121921"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cells11121921","relation":{},"ISSN":["2073-4409"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2073-4409","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,14]]}}}