{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T20:06:50Z","timestamp":1790885210163,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,29]],"date-time":"2022-06-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656460800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003141","name":"Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnolog\u00eda","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CF-2019-21082"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CF-2019-21082"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003141","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003141","name":"Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnolog\u00eda","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CVU 764829"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CVU 764829"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003141","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003141","name":"Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnolog\u00eda","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CVU 1078873"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CVU 1078873"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003141","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Salmonella is a Gram-negative bacterium known to be the major cause of gastrointestinal diseases and systemic infections. During infection of murine B cells, Salmonella activates the PI3K\/Akt pathway through its effector, SopB. This signaling pathway induces the downregulation of NLRC4 transcription, resulting in reduced secretion of IL-1\u03b2. Thus, Salmonella-infected B cells do not progress to pyroptosis; consequently, the bacteria can survive inside these cells. However, the mechanism by which Salmonella evades the control of B cells has not yet been elucidated. In this study, we found that SopB activates mTORC1, which is necessary for bacterial survival, since B cells cultured with the mTORC1 inhibitor rapamycin and B cells lacking raptor can control Salmonella infection. A similar result was observed in B cells when they were infected with the Salmonella SopB mutant (\u0394sopb). Salmonella also promoted the phosphorylation of the ULK1 complex at serine 757 (Ser757) by mTORC1, resulting in decreased levels of LC3-II in infected B cells. In this study, we did not observe these results when B cells were infected with \u0394sopb Salmonella. Our results demonstrated that Salmonella survival within B cells depends on the inhibition of autophagy by mTORC1 activation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11132061","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,29]],"date-time":"2022-06-29T20:47:56Z","timestamp":1656535676000},"page":"2061","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Salmonella Promotes Its Own Survival in B Cells by Inhibiting Autophagy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Lopez-Bailon","family":"Luis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento y Posgrado en Inmunolog\u00eda, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas del Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional (ENCB-IPN), Mexico 11350, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gonzalez-Telona","family":"Ana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Biomedicina Molecular, Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Mexico 07360, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gal\u00e1n-Enr\u00edquez","family":"Carlos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Biomedicina Molecular, Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Mexico 07360, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Garc\u00eda-Gil","family":"Abraham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Biomedicina Molecular, Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Mexico 07360, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Estrada-Garc\u00eda","family":"Iris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento y Posgrado en Inmunolog\u00eda, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas del Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional (ENCB-IPN), Mexico 11350, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2896-5819","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Moreno-Lafont","family":"Martha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento y Posgrado en Inmunolog\u00eda, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas del Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional (ENCB-IPN), Mexico 11350, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6546-9713","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ortiz-Navarrete","family":"Vianney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Biomedicina Molecular, Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Mexico 07360, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro1788","article-title":"Salmonellae interplay with host cells","volume":"6","author":"Haraga","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. 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