{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T04:34:40Z","timestamp":1785818080968,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":91,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,6]],"date-time":"2022-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1657065600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003443","name":"Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["14.Z50.31.0005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["14.Z50.31.0005"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003443","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003443","name":"Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["16-14-10288"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["16-14-10288"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003443","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003443","name":"Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FWGZ-2021-0017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FWGZ-2021-0017"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003443","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003443","name":"Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IG 20528"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IG 20528"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003443","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006769","name":"Russian Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["14.Z50.31.0005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["14.Z50.31.0005"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006769","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006769","name":"Russian Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["16-14-10288"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["16-14-10288"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006769","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006769","name":"Russian Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FWGZ-2021-0017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FWGZ-2021-0017"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006769","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006769","name":"Russian Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IG 20528"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IG 20528"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006769","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Fundamental Scientific Research Program of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation","award":["14.Z50.31.0005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["14.Z50.31.0005"]}]},{"name":"Fundamental Scientific Research Program of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation","award":["16-14-10288"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["16-14-10288"]}]},{"name":"Fundamental Scientific Research Program of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation","award":["FWGZ-2021-0017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FWGZ-2021-0017"]}]},{"name":"Fundamental Scientific Research Program of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation","award":["IG 20528"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IG 20528"]}]},{"name":"Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro","award":["14.Z50.31.0005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["14.Z50.31.0005"]}]},{"name":"Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro","award":["16-14-10288"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["16-14-10288"]}]},{"name":"Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro","award":["FWGZ-2021-0017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FWGZ-2021-0017"]}]},{"name":"Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro","award":["IG 20528"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IG 20528"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Centrosome-containing cells assemble their spindles exploiting three main classes of microtubules (MTs): MTs nucleated by the centrosomes, MTs generated near the chromosomes\/kinetochores, and MTs nucleated within the spindle by the augmin-dependent pathway. Mammalian and Drosophila cells lacking the centrosomes generate MTs at kinetochores and eventually form functional bipolar spindles. However, the mechanisms underlying kinetochore-driven MT formation are poorly understood. One of the ways to elucidate these mechanisms is the analysis of spindle reassembly following MT depolymerization. Here, we used an RNA interference (RNAi)-based reverse genetics approach to dissect the process of kinetochore-driven MT regrowth (KDMTR) after colcemid-induced MT depolymerization. This MT depolymerization procedure allows a clear assessment of KDMTR, as colcemid disrupts centrosome-driven MT regrowth but not KDMTR. We examined KDMTR in normal Drosophila S2 cells and in S2 cells subjected to RNAi against conserved genes involved in mitotic spindle assembly: mast\/orbit\/chb (CLASP1), mei-38 (TPX2), mars (HURP), dgt6 (HAUS6), Eb1 (MAPRE1\/EB1), Patronin (CAMSAP2), asp (ASPM), and Klp10A (KIF2A). RNAi-mediated depletion of Mast\/Orbit, Mei-38, Mars, Dgt6, and Eb1 caused a significant delay in KDMTR, while loss of Patronin had a milder negative effect on this process. In contrast, Asp or Klp10A deficiency increased the rate of KDMTR. These results coupled with the analysis of GFP-tagged proteins (Mast\/Orbit, Mei-38, Mars, Eb1, Patronin, and Asp) localization during KDMTR suggested a model for kinetochore-dependent spindle reassembly. We propose that kinetochores capture the plus ends of MTs nucleated in their vicinity and that these MTs elongate at kinetochores through the action of Mast\/Orbit. The Asp protein binds the MT minus ends since the beginning of KDMTR, preventing excessive and disorganized MT regrowth. Mei-38, Mars, Dgt6, Eb1, and Patronin positively regulate polymerization, bundling, and stabilization of regrowing MTs until a bipolar spindle is reformed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11142127","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,6]],"date-time":"2022-07-06T09:41:10Z","timestamp":1657100470000},"page":"2127","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Genetic Control of Kinetochore-Driven Microtubule Growth in Drosophila Mitosis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Julia V.","family":"Popova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia"},{"name":"Laboratory of Bioengineering, Novosibirsk State Agrarian University, 630039 Novosibirsk, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7361-5039","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gera A.","family":"Pavlova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia"},{"name":"Wellcome Centre for Cell Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3BF, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alyona V.","family":"Razuvaeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia"},{"name":"Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0469-0371","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lyubov A.","family":"Yarinich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia"},{"name":"Faculty of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evgeniya N.","family":"Andreyeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alina F.","family":"Anders","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuliya A.","family":"Galimova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fioranna","family":"Renda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology (IBPM), National Research Council (CNR), c\/o Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Patrizia","family":"Somma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology (IBPM), National Research Council (CNR), c\/o Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6959-0641","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexey V.","family":"Pindyurin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3777-300X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maurizio","family":"Gatti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia"},{"name":"Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology (IBPM), National Research Council (CNR), c\/o Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1717","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.03442","article-title":"Cooperative mechanisms of mitotic spindle formation","volume":"120","author":"Khodjakov","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. 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