{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T07:55:34Z","timestamp":1789545334320,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,14]],"date-time":"2022-07-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1657756800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001711","name":"the Swiss Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["177225"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["177225"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001711","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Lipid emulsions are crucial for life-saving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Their composition provides a high amount of essential fatty acids and calories for millions of patients with serious diseases. Nevertheless, several TPN-mediated side-effects have been reported in over 90% of patients. This project aimed to investigate the effect of a high amount of \u03c93 fatty acids (Omegaven\u00ae) emulsion vs. a high amount of \u03c96 fatty acids (Intralipid\u00ae) emulsions on the endothelial barrier function. EA.hy926 cell line was cultured and incubated with 0.01, 0.1, and 1 mM lipid emulsions. The influence of these lipid emulsions on the barrier function was assessed using ECIS technology, immunofluorescent microscopy, viability measurements by flow cytometry, multiplex cytokines analysis, and qRT-PCR. BODIPY staining confirmed the uptake of fatty acids by endothelial cells. ECIS measurements demonstrated that a high concentration of Omegaven\u00ae prevents barrier formation and impairs the barrier function by inducing cell detachment. Moreover, the expression of VE-cadherin and F-actin formation showed a reorganization of the cell structure within 2 h of 1 mM Omegaven\u00ae addition. Interestingly, the study\u2019s findings contradict previous studies and revealed that Omegaven\u00ae at high concentration, but not Intralipid, induces cell detachments, impairing endothelial cells\u2019 barrier function. In summary, our studies shed new light on the effect of lipid emulsions on the endothelium.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11142202","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,15]],"date-time":"2022-07-15T00:17:10Z","timestamp":1657844230000},"page":"2202","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Endothelial Barrier Disruption by Lipid Emulsions Containing a High Amount of N3 Fatty Acids (Omegaven) but Not N6 Fatty Acids (Intralipid)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8187-8792","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emilie","family":"Gueguen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, University of Poitiers, 86000 Poitiers, France"},{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8234-1877","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yasser","family":"Morsy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Scharl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0426-4340","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefanie D.","family":"Kr\u00e4mer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, 8039 Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Zaugg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Hersberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, University Children\u2019s Hospital Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1733-9188","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gerhard","family":"Rogler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6911-8010","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcin","family":"Wawrzyniak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"823","article-title":"Emergence of New Injectable Lipid Emulsions in the USA: Guidance for Pediatric Clinicians","volume":"10","author":"Herrera","year":"2019","journal-title":"Food Nutr. 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