{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T14:59:20Z","timestamp":1790780360807,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,2]],"date-time":"2022-10-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664668800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003323","name":"French National Agency for AIDS, Hepatitis, and Emerging Infectious Disease","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ECTZ103291"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ECTZ103291"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003323","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Fonds de Dotation Villa M (Paris, France)","award":["ECTZ103291"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ECTZ103291"]}]},{"name":"MSDAVENIR grant to the RHIVIERA consortium","award":["ECTZ103291"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ECTZ103291"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>During chronic SIV\/HIV infection, adipose tissue (AT) is the target of both antiretroviral treatment (ART) and the virus. AT might subsequently contribute to the low-grade systemic inflammation observed in patients on ART. To evaluate the inflammatory profile of AT during chronic SIV\/HIV infection, we assayed subcutaneous and visceral abdominal AT from non-infected (SIV\u2212, control), ART-na\u00efve SIV-infected (SIV+) and ART-controlled SIV-infected (SIV+ART+) cynomolgus macaques for the mRNA expression of genes coding for factors related to inflammation. Significant differences were observed only when comparing the SIV+ART+ group with the SIV+ and\/or SIV\u2212 groups. ART-treated infection impacted the metabolic fraction (with elevated expression of PPAR\u03b3 and CEBP\u03b1), the extracellular matrix (with elevated expression of COL1A2 and HIF-1\u03b1), and the inflammatory profile. Both pro- and anti-inflammatory signatures were detected in AT, with greater mRNA expression of anti-inflammatory markers (adiponectin and CD163) and markers associated with inflammation (TNF-\u03b1, Mx1, CCL5 and CX3CL1). There were no intergroup differences in other markers (IL-6 and MCP-1). In conclusion, we observed marked differences in the immune and metabolic profiles of AT in the context of an ART-treated, chronic SIV infection; these differences were related more to ART than to SIV infection per se.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11193104","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,8]],"date-time":"2022-10-08T01:52:21Z","timestamp":1665193941000},"page":"3104","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Prolonged Antiretroviral Treatment Induces Adipose Tissue Remodelling Associated with Mild Inflammation in SIV-Infected Macaques"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0366-9685","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aude","family":"Mausol\u00e9o","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, Inserm (UMR 1184), CEA (IDMIT Department, IBFJ), Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-Immune, Hematological and Bacterial Diseases (IMVA-HB), 92260 Fontenay-aux-Roses & 94276 Le Kremlin-Bic\u00eatre, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5090-2115","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anaelle","family":"Olivo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, Inserm (UMR 1184), CEA (IDMIT Department, IBFJ), Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-Immune, Hematological and Bacterial Diseases (IMVA-HB), 92260 Fontenay-aux-Roses & 94276 Le Kremlin-Bic\u00eatre, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5820-3914","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Delphine","family":"Desjardins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, Inserm (UMR 1184), CEA (IDMIT Department, IBFJ), Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-Immune, Hematological and Bacterial Diseases (IMVA-HB), 92260 Fontenay-aux-Roses & 94276 Le Kremlin-Bic\u00eatre, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asier","family":"S\u00e1ez-Ciri\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HIV Inflammation and Persistence, Institut Pasteur, Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, 75015 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aur\u00e9lie","family":"Barrail-Tran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, AP-HP H\u00f4pitaux Universitaires Paris Saclay, Service de Pharmacie, Bic\u00eatre, Inserm (UMR 1184), CEA (IDMIT Department, IBFJ), Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-Immune, Hematological and Bacterial Diseases (IMVA-HB), 94276 Le Kremlin Bic\u00eatre, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7022-2990","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"V\u00e9ronique","family":"Avettand-Fenoel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, INSERM, U1016, CNRS, UMR8104, Institut Cochin, APHP, H\u00f4pital Cochin, Laboratoire de Virologie, 75014 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4055-617X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicolas","family":"No\u00ebl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, AP-HP H\u00f4pitaux Universitaires Paris Saclay, Service de M\u00e9decine Interne, Bic\u00eatre, (UMR 1184), CEA (IDMIT Department, IBFJ), Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-Immune, Hematological and Bacterial Diseases (IMVA-HB), 94276 Le Kremlin Bic\u00eatre, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0700-8286","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claire","family":"Lagathu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inserm UMR_S938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire de Cardio-M\u00e9tabolisme et Nutrition (ICAN), Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, 75012 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9795-549X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"V\u00e9ronique","family":"B\u00e9r\u00e9ziat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inserm UMR_S938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire de Cardio-M\u00e9tabolisme et Nutrition (ICAN), Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, 75012 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4928-4484","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roger","family":"Le Grand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, Inserm (UMR 1184), CEA (IDMIT Department, IBFJ), Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-Immune, Hematological and Bacterial Diseases (IMVA-HB), 92260 Fontenay-aux-Roses & 94276 Le Kremlin-Bic\u00eatre, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olivier","family":"Lambotte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, AP-HP H\u00f4pitaux Universitaires Paris Saclay, Service de M\u00e9decine Interne, Bic\u00eatre, (UMR 1184), CEA (IDMIT Department, IBFJ), Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-Immune, Hematological and Bacterial Diseases (IMVA-HB), 94276 Le Kremlin Bic\u00eatre, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1146-6087","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christine","family":"Bourgeois","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, Inserm (UMR 1184), CEA (IDMIT Department, IBFJ), Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-Immune, Hematological and Bacterial Diseases (IMVA-HB), 92260 Fontenay-aux-Roses & 94276 Le Kremlin-Bic\u00eatre, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1181","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0000000000000222","article-title":"Causes of death among HIV-infected patients in France in 2010 (national survey): Trends since 2000","volume":"28","author":"Morlat","year":"2014","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e003371","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.116.003371","article-title":"Inflammatory Markers Associated With Subclinical Coronary Artery Disease: The Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study","volume":"5","author":"Bahrami","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. 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