{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T07:39:48Z","timestamp":1792136388051,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,22]],"date-time":"2022-11-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669075200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation","award":["2021A1515011143"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021A1515011143"]}]},{"name":"the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation","award":["32102276"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32102276"]}]},{"name":"the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation","award":["2021GDASYL-20210103016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021GDASYL-20210103016"]}]},{"name":"the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation","award":["2021JC06N628"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021JC06N628"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021A1515011143"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021A1515011143"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32102276"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32102276"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021GDASYL-20210103016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021GDASYL-20210103016"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021JC06N628"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021JC06N628"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"the GDAS\u2019 Project of Science and Technology Development","award":["2021A1515011143"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021A1515011143"]}]},{"name":"the GDAS\u2019 Project of Science and Technology Development","award":["32102276"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32102276"]}]},{"name":"the GDAS\u2019 Project of Science and Technology Development","award":["2021GDASYL-20210103016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021GDASYL-20210103016"]}]},{"name":"the GDAS\u2019 Project of Science and Technology Development","award":["2021JC06N628"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021JC06N628"]}]},{"name":"Guangdong Special Support Program","award":["2021A1515011143"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021A1515011143"]}]},{"name":"Guangdong Special Support Program","award":["32102276"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32102276"]}]},{"name":"Guangdong Special Support Program","award":["2021GDASYL-20210103016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021GDASYL-20210103016"]}]},{"name":"Guangdong Special Support Program","award":["2021JC06N628"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021JC06N628"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Understanding the intrinsic mechanisms of bacterial competition is a fundamental question. Iron is an essential trace nutrient that bacteria compete for. The most prevalent manner for iron scavenging is through the secretion of siderophores. Although tremendous efforts have focused on elucidating the molecular mechanisms of siderophores biosynthesis, export, uptake, and regulation of siderophores, the ecological aspects of siderophore-mediated competition are not well understood. Methods: We performed predation and bacterial competition assays to investigate the function of siderophore transport on myxobacterial predation. Results: Deletion of msuB, which encodes an iron chelate uptake ABC transporter family permease subunit, led to a reduction in myxobacterial predation and intracellular iron, but iron deficiency was not the predominant reason for the decrease in the predation ability of the \u2206msuB mutant. We further confirmed that obstruction of siderophore transport decreased myxobacterial predation by investigating the function of a non-ribosomal peptide synthetase for siderophore biosynthesis, a TonB-dependent receptor, and a siderophore binding protein in M. xanthus. Our results showed that the obstruction of siderophores transport decreased myxobacterial predation ability through the downregulation of lytic enzyme genes, especially outer membrane vesicle (OMV)-specific proteins. Conclusions: This work provides insight into the mechanism of siderophore-mediated competition in myxobacteria.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11233718","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,23]],"date-time":"2022-11-23T02:55:51Z","timestamp":1669172151000},"page":"3718","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["A Disturbed Siderophore Transport Inhibits Myxobacterial Predation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9214-4591","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yijie","family":"Dong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiome (MARA), State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Microbial Culture Collection Center (GDMCC), Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Honghong","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiome (MARA), State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Microbial Culture Collection Center (GDMCC), Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zengwei","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiome (MARA), State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Microbial Culture Collection Center (GDMCC), Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiome (MARA), State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Microbial Culture Collection Center (GDMCC), Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3449-6166","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qing","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Horticulture, Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6854-8417","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Honghui","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiome (MARA), State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Microbial Culture Collection Center (GDMCC), Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2020.01.003","article-title":"Contact-dependent interbacterial antagonism mediated by protein secretion machines","volume":"28","author":"Klein","year":"2020","journal-title":"Trends Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2145","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00275-16","article-title":"Multifaceted interfaces of bacterial competition","volume":"198","author":"Stubbendieck","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2259","article-title":"Bacterial competition: Surviving and thriving in the microbial jungle","volume":"8","author":"Hibbing","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2016.06.011","article-title":"The ecology and evolution of microbial competition","volume":"24","author":"Ghoul","year":"2016","journal-title":"Trends Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107766","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2020.107766","article-title":"Differential cellular response to translocated toxic effectors and physical penetration by the Type VI Secretion System","volume":"31","author":"Kamal","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-019-0284-4","article-title":"Bacterial siderophores in community and host interactions","volume":"18","author":"Kramer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8212","DOI":"10.1039\/C6OB01400C","article-title":"Siderophores as molecular tools in medical and environmental applications","volume":"14","author":"Kurth","year":"2016","journal-title":"Org. Biomol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tips.2014.06.007","article-title":"Siderophore-drug complexes: Potential medicinal applications of the \u2018Trojan horse\u2019 strategy","volume":"35","author":"Gorska","year":"2014","journal-title":"Trends Pharmacol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.2174\/1568026013395623","article-title":"Structural biology of bacterial iron uptake systems","volume":"1","author":"Clarke","year":"2001","journal-title":"Curr. Top. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1111\/mmi.14509","article-title":"Vibrio fischeri siderophore production drives competitive exclusion during dual-species growth","volume":"114","author":"Eickhoff","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1515","DOI":"10.1111\/evo.13491","article-title":"The bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa senses and gradually responds to interspecific competition for iron","volume":"72","author":"Leinweber","year":"2018","journal-title":"Evolution"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2650","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2019.02650","article-title":"Genome-wide identification of myxobacterial predation genes and demonstration of formaldehyde secretion as a potentially predation-resistant trait of Pseudomonas aeruginosa","volume":"10","author":"Sutton","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1111\/1462-2920.15812","article-title":"Differential response to prey quorum signals indicates predatory specialization of myxobacteria and ability to predate Pseudomonas aeruginosa","volume":"24","author":"Akbar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1593","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2017.01593","article-title":"Myxobacteria are able to prey broadly upon clinically-relevant pathogens, exhibiting a prey range which cannot be explained by phylogeny","volume":"8","author":"Livingstone","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2020.00002","article-title":"The predation strategy of Myxococcus xanthus","volume":"11","author":"Thiery","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6920","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.00414-10","article-title":"Comparative analysis of Myxococcus predation on soil bacteria","volume":"76","author":"Morgan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.000208","article-title":"The predatory life cycle of Myxococcus xanthus","volume":"162","author":"Keane","year":"2016","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1038\/35007066","article-title":"Developmental cheating in the social bacterium Myxococcus xanthus","volume":"404","author":"Velicer","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2018365118","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2018365118","article-title":"Endogenous membrane stress induces T6SS activity in Pseudomonas aeruginosa","volume":"118","author":"Stolle","year":"2021","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.7164\/antibiotics.42.14","article-title":"Myxochelin A, a new iron-chelating compound from Angiococcus disciformis (Myxobacterales). Production, isolation, physico-chemical and biological properties","volume":"42","author":"Kunze","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Antibiot."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6476","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1432-1327.2000.01740.x","article-title":"The myxochelin iron transport regulon of the myxobacterium Stigmatella aurantiaca Sg a15","volume":"267","author":"Silakowski","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur. J. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1002\/cbic.200400206","article-title":"Novel insights into siderophore formation in myxobacteria","volume":"6","author":"Gaitatzis","year":"2005","journal-title":"Chembiochem"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1502","DOI":"10.1021\/acschembio.6b00176","article-title":"The chemical ecology of predatory soil bacteria","volume":"11","author":"Findlay","year":"2016","journal-title":"ACS Chem. Biol."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3058","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.02863-07","article-title":"Discovering the hidden secondary metabolome of Myxococcus xanthus: A study of intraspecific diversity","volume":"74","author":"Krug","year":"2008","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1276","DOI":"10.1039\/c001260m","article-title":"Myxobacterial secondary metabolites: Bioactivities and modes-of-action","volume":"27","author":"Weissman","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Prod. Rep."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2544","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jnatprod.9b00403","article-title":"Myxochelin- and Pseudochelin-derived lipoxygenase inhibitors from a genetically engineered Myxococcus xanthus strain","volume":"82","author":"Sester","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1111","DOI":"10.1038\/s41396-020-0594-6","article-title":"Iron competition triggers antibiotic biosynthesis in Streptomyces coelicolor during coculture with Myxococcus xanthus","volume":"14","author":"Lee","year":"2020","journal-title":"ISME J."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00293-22","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.00293-22","article-title":"Outer membrane vesicles of Acinetobacter baumannii DS002 are selectively enriched with TonB-Dependent transporters and play a key role in iron acquisition","volume":"10","author":"Dhurve","year":"2022","journal-title":"Microbiol. Spectr."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1038\/s41396-021-01093-8","article-title":"T6SS secretes an LPS-binding effector to recruit OMVs for exploitative competition and horizontal gene transfer","volume":"16","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"ISME J."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2742","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.060343-0","article-title":"Predatory activity of Myxococcus xanthus outer-membrane vesicles and properties of their hydrolase cargo","volume":"158","author":"Evans","year":"2012","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2014.00474","article-title":"The lethal cargo of Myxococcus xanthus outer membrane vesicles","volume":"5","author":"Berleman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5952","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.76.11.5952","article-title":"Social gliding is correlated with the presence of pili in Myxococcus xanthus","volume":"76","author":"Kaiser","year":"1979","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1186\/s12934-017-0758-x","article-title":"Increasing on-target cleavage efficiency for CRISPR\/Cas9-induced large fragment deletion in Myxococcus xanthus","volume":"16","author":"Yang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Microb. Cell Fact."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9098","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.97.16.9098","article-title":"Spatial control of cell differentiation in Myxococcus xanthus","volume":"97","author":"Julien","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.1997.1791550.x","article-title":"The Myxococcus xanthus pilT locus is required for social gliding motility although pili are still produced","volume":"23","author":"Wu","year":"1997","journal-title":"Mol. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801091","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2021.801091","article-title":"Myxococcus xanthus R31 suppresses tomato bacterial wilt by inhibiting the pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum with secreted proteins","volume":"12","author":"Dong","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5888","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00559-06","article-title":"Rippling is a predatory behavior in Myxococcus xanthus","volume":"188","author":"Berleman","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"884","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2013.01.042","article-title":"Tit-for-tat: Type VI secretion system counterattack during bacterial cell-cell interactions","volume":"152","author":"Basler","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1128\/EC.00158-10","article-title":"Candida albicans Hap43 is a repressor induced under low-iron conditions and is essential for iron-responsive transcriptional regulation and virulence","volume":"10","author":"Hsu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eukaryot. Cell"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocel.2017.01.021","article-title":"Loss of Ssq1 leads to mitochondrial dysfunction, activation of autophagy and cell cycle arrest due to iron overload triggered by mitochondrial iron-sulfur cluster assembly defects in Candida albicans","volume":"85","author":"Dong","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1356","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2019.01.034","article-title":"Eukaryotic acquisition of a bacterial operon","volume":"176","author":"Kominek","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1006\/meth.2001.1262","article-title":"Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2\u2212\u0394\u0394CT Method","volume":"25","author":"Livak","year":"2001","journal-title":"Methods"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1443","DOI":"10.1111\/evo.13230","article-title":"The evolution of siderophore production as a competitive trait","volume":"71","author":"Niehus","year":"2017","journal-title":"Evolution"},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2015.09.038","article-title":"Siderophore production and the evolution of investment in a public good: An adaptive dynamics approach to kin selection","volume":"388","author":"Lee","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Theor. Biol."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4656","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2019.04.024","article-title":"Coordinated cell death in isogenic bacterial populations: Sacrificing some for the benefit of many?","volume":"431","author":"Popp","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15200","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0607335103","article-title":"Evolution of sensory complexity recorded in a myxobacterial genome","volume":"103","author":"Goldman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e02382-20","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.02382-20","article-title":"Myxococcus xanthus predation of Gram-positive or Gram-negative bacteria is mediated by different bacteriolytic mechanisms","volume":"87","author":"Arend","year":"2020","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.2608","article-title":"Control of pathogens and pathobionts by the gut microbiota","volume":"14","author":"Kamada","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00016","DOI":"10.1128\/msphere.00016-22","article-title":"Acinetobactin-mediated inhibition of commensal bacteria by Acinetobacter baumannii","volume":"7","author":"Knauf","year":"2022","journal-title":"mSphere"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dziewanowska, K., Settles, M., Hunter, S., Linquist, I., Schilkey, F., and Hartzell, P.L. (2014). Phase variation in Myxococcus xanthus yields cells specialized for iron sequestration. PLoS ONE, 9.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0095189"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-biochem-060815-014214","article-title":"Extracellular heme uptake and the challenge of bacterial cell membranes","volume":"86","author":"Huang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-6445(03)00055-X","article-title":"Bacterial iron homeostasis","volume":"27","author":"Andrews","year":"2003","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. Rev"},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2014.00352","article-title":"Phenotypic profiling of ABC transporter coding genes in Myxococcus xanthus","volume":"5","author":"Yan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1896","DOI":"10.15252\/embj.201488566","article-title":"A virus capsid-like nanocompartment that stores iron and protects bacteria from oxidative stress","volume":"33","author":"McHugh","year":"2014","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcb.2011.04.005","article-title":"The SecY complex: Conducting the orchestra of protein translocation","volume":"21","author":"Dalal","year":"2011","journal-title":"Trends Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_56","first-page":"fny093","article-title":"The way is the goal: How SecA transports proteins across the cytoplasmic membrane in bacteria","volume":"365","author":"Huber","year":"2018","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. Lett."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro3456","article-title":"Secretion systems in Gram-negative bacteria: Structural and mechanistic insights","volume":"13","author":"Costa","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_58","first-page":"69","article-title":"Twin-Arginine protein translocation","volume":"404","author":"Goosens","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3965","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.184.14.3965-3974.2002","article-title":"The gonococcal fur regulon: Identification of additional genes involved in major catabolic, recombination, and secretory pathways","volume":"184","author":"Sebastian","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"862","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro1770","article-title":"Chemosensory pathways, motility and development in Myxococcus xanthus","volume":"5","author":"Zusman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e01781-20","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.01781-20","article-title":"Engineering of long-circulating peptidoglycan hydrolases enables efficient treatment of systemic Staphylococcus aureus infection","volume":"11","author":"Sobieraj","year":"2020","journal-title":"mBio"},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2223","DOI":"10.1038\/s41396-019-0424-x","article-title":"A novel outer membrane \u03b2-1,6-glucanase is deployed in the predation of fungi by myxobacteria","volume":"13","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"ISME J."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1243457","article-title":"Bacterial vesicles in marine ecosystems","volume":"343","author":"Biller","year":"2014","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19002","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1008843107","article-title":"Bacillus anthracis produces membrane-derived vesicles containing biologically active toxins","volume":"107","author":"Rivera","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1111\/tra.12488","article-title":"The outer membrane vesicles: Secretion system type zero","volume":"18","author":"Ibarra","year":"2017","journal-title":"Traffic"},{"key":"ref_66","first-page":"e000152","article-title":"Transcriptional changes when Myxococcus xanthus preys on Escherichia coli suggest myxobacterial predators are constitutively toxic but regulate their feeding","volume":"4","author":"Livingstone","year":"2018","journal-title":"Microb. Genom."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14888","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms14888","article-title":"A Pseudomonas T6SS effector recruits PQS-containing outer membrane vesicles for iron acquisition","volume":"8","author":"Lin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e03230-19","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.03230-19","article-title":"Pyocin S5 import into Pseudomonas aeruginosa reveals a generic mode of bacteriocin transport","volume":"11","author":"Behrens","year":"2020","journal-title":"mBio"},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3143","DOI":"10.1002\/pmic.200700196","article-title":"Global proteomic profiling of native outer membrane vesicles derived from Escherichia coli","volume":"7","author":"Lee","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proteomics"}],"container-title":["Cells"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-4409\/11\/23\/3718\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:24:20Z","timestamp":1760145860000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-4409\/11\/23\/3718"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,22]]},"references-count":69,"journal-issue":{"issue":"23","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]}},"alternative-id":["cells11233718"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cells11233718","relation":{},"ISSN":["2073-4409"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2073-4409","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,22]]}}}