{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:37:05Z","timestamp":1787027825772,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,22]],"date-time":"2022-11-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669075200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"University of Bari","award":["00547018Ricat"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["00547018Ricat"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The cry-Ste system is a genetic interaction system between heterochromatin and euchromatin in Drosophila melanogaster, regulated via the piRNA pathway. Deregulation of this system leads to meiotic defects and male sterility. Although the cry-Ste system is peculiar to D. melanogaster, ancestors of Ste and Su(Ste) elements are present in the three closely related species, D. simulans, D. sechellia, and D. mauritiana. The birth, evolution, and maintenance of this genetic system in Drosophila melanogaster are of interest. We investigate the presence of sequences homologous to cry and Ste elements in the simulans complex and describe their chromosomal distribution. The organization and expression of cry- and Ste-like sequences were further characterized in the D. simulans genome. Our results allow us to conclude that the cry-Ste genetic interaction system is absent in the D. simulans genome.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11233725","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,23]],"date-time":"2022-11-23T03:15:24Z","timestamp":1669173324000},"page":"3725","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["The Drosophila simulans Genome Lacks the crystal-Stellate System"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7273-4263","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"De Grassi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Biotecnologie e Ambiente, Universit\u00e0 Degli Studi di Bari \u201cAldo Moro\u201d, 70125 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrizia","family":"Tritto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Biotecnologie e Ambiente, Universit\u00e0 Degli Studi di Bari \u201cAldo Moro\u201d, 70125 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valeria","family":"Palumbo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie \u201cC. Darwin\u201d, \u201c Sapienza\u201d, Universit\u00e0 di Roma, 00185 Roma, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Pia","family":"Bozzetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali, Universit\u00e0 del Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Francesca","family":"Berloco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Biotecnologie e Ambiente, Universit\u00e0 Degli Studi di Bari \u201cAldo Moro\u201d, 70125 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/124.2.303","article-title":"Detailed Structure of the Drosophila melanogaster Stellate Genes and Their Transcripts","volume":"124","author":"Livak","year":"1990","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6067","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.92.13.6067","article-title":"The Ste Locus, a Component of the Parasitic Cry-Ste System of Drosophila melanogaster, Encodes a Protein That Forms Crystals in Primary Spermatocytes and Mimics Properties of the Beta Subunit of Casein Kinase 2","volume":"92","author":"Bozzetti","year":"1995","journal-title":"Proc. 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