{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T18:03:55Z","timestamp":1789495435706,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":178,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,8]],"date-time":"2022-12-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1670457600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RO1 CA174713"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RO1 CA174713"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22IN42"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22IN42"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"The Rally Foundation","award":["RO1 CA174713"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RO1 CA174713"]}]},{"name":"The Rally Foundation","award":["22IN42"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22IN42"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The Myc Network, comprising a small assemblage of bHLH-ZIP transcription factors, regulates many hundreds to thousands of genes involved in proliferation, energy metabolism, translation and other activities. A structurally and functionally related set of factors known as the Mlx Network also supervises some of these same functions via the regulation of a more limited but overlapping transcriptional repertoire. Target gene co-regulation by these two Networks is the result of their sharing of three members that suppress target gene expression as well as by the ability of both Network\u2019s members to cross-bind one another\u2019s consensus DNA sites. The two Networks also differ in that the Mlx Network\u2019s control over transcription is positively regulated by several glycolytic pathway intermediates and other metabolites. These distinctive properties, functions and tissue expression patterns potentially allow for sensitive control of gene regulation in ways that are differentially responsive to environmental and metabolic cues while allowing for them to be both rapid and of limited duration. This review explores how such control might occur. It further discusses how the actual functional dependencies of the Myc and Mlx Networks rely upon cellular context and how they may differ between normal and neoplastic cells. Finally, consideration is given to how future studies may permit a more refined understanding of the functional interrelationships between the two Networks.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11243974","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,9]],"date-time":"2022-12-09T02:50:51Z","timestamp":1670554251000},"page":"3974","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Regulation of Normal and Neoplastic Proliferation and Metabolism by the Extended Myc Network"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9666-8205","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edward V.","family":"Prochownik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology\/Oncology, UPMC Children\u2019s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA"},{"name":"The Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA"},{"name":"The UPMC Hillman Comprehensive Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA"},{"name":"Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.42.3.773-779.1982","article-title":"Isolation and characterization of c-myc, a cellular homolog of the oncogene (v-myc) of avian myelocytomatosis virus strain 29","volume":"42","author":"Vennstrom","year":"1982","journal-title":"J. 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