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We have assessed a new DC provided by VERIGRAFT. The decellularization procedure completely removed cellularity while preserving the extracellular matrix. We first assessed the DC in a 15 mm gap in the sciatic nerve of rats, showing slightly delayed but effective regeneration. Then, we assayed the DC in a 70 mm gap in the peroneal nerve of sheep compared with AG. Evaluation of nerve regeneration and functional recovery was performed by clinical, electrophysiology and ultrasound tests. No significant differences were found in functional recovery between groups of sheep. Histology showed a preserved fascicular structure in the AG while in the DC grafts regenerated axons were grouped in small units. In conclusion, the DC was permissive for axonal regeneration and allowed to repair a 70 mm long gap in the sheep nerve.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11244074","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,16]],"date-time":"2022-12-16T02:54:02Z","timestamp":1671159242000},"page":"4074","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Repair of Long Nerve Defects with a New Decellularized Nerve Graft in Rats and in Sheep"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8645-2790","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Estefan\u00eda","family":"Contreras","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Institute of Neuroscience, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain"},{"name":"Integral Service for Laboratory Animals (SIAL), Faculty of Veterinary, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Traserra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Institute of Neuroscience, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain"},{"name":"Integral Service for Laboratory Animals (SIAL), Faculty of Veterinary, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2966-6845","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"Bol\u00edvar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Institute of Neuroscience, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28031 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joaquim","family":"For\u00e9s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Institute of Neuroscience, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain"},{"name":"Hand and Peripheral Nerve Unit, Hospital Cl\u00ednic i Provincial, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4536-7717","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eduard","family":"Jose-Cunilleras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Felix","family":"Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ignacio","family":"Delgado-Mart\u00ednez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Institute of Neuroscience, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28031 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Holmgren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VERIGRAFT AB, Arvid Wallgrens Backe 20, 41346 G\u00f6teborg, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raimund","family":"Strehl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VERIGRAFT AB, Arvid Wallgrens Backe 20, 41346 G\u00f6teborg, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1954-8562","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Esther","family":"Udina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Institute of Neuroscience, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28031 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9849-902X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xavier","family":"Navarro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Institute of Neuroscience, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28031 Madrid, 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