{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T22:05:15Z","timestamp":1790805915741,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,26]],"date-time":"2022-12-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672012800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"CPER FEDER","award":["GURDTI 2017-1198-0002583"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GURDTI 2017-1198-0002583"]}]},{"name":"CPER FEDER","award":["GURDTI 2019-2211-0022768"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GURDTI 2019-2211-0022768"]}]},{"name":"University of La R\u00e9union","award":["GURDTI 2017-1198-0002583"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GURDTI 2017-1198-0002583"]}]},{"name":"University of La R\u00e9union","award":["GURDTI 2019-2211-0022768"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GURDTI 2019-2211-0022768"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Old world alphaviruses (e.g., chikungunya) are known to cause severe acute and chronic debilitating arthralgia\/arthritis. However, atypical neurological manifestations and, in particular, unexpected cases of acute inflammatory Guillain\u2013Barre syndrome (GBS) have been associated with the arthritogenic alphaviruses. The pathogenesis of alphavirus-associated GBS remains unclear. We herein addressed for the first time the role of Schwann cells (SC) in peripheral neuropathy post-alphaviral infection using the prototypical ONNV alphavirus model. We demonstrated that human SC expressed the recently identified alphavirus receptor MxRA8 and granting viral entry and robust replication. A canonical innate immune response was engaged by ONNV-infected SC with elevated gene expression for RIG-I, MDA5, IFN-\u03b2, and ISG15 and inflammatory chemokine CCL5. Transcription levels of prostaglandin E2-metabolizing enzymes including cPLA2\u03b1, COX-2, and mPGES-1 were also upregulated in ONNV-infected SC. Counterintuitively, we found that ONNV failed to affect SC regenerative properties as indicated by elevated expression of the pro-myelinating genes MPZ and MBP1 as well as the major pro-myelin transcription factor Egr2. While ONNV infection led to decreased expression of CD55 and CD59, essential to control complement bystander cytotoxicity, it increased TRAIL expression, a major pro-apoptotic T cell signal. Anti-apoptotic Bcl2 transcription levels were also increased in infected SC. Hence, our study provides new insights regarding the remarkable immunomodulatory role of SC of potential importance in the pathogenesis of GBS following alphavirus infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12010100","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,27]],"date-time":"2022-12-27T02:50:01Z","timestamp":1672109401000},"page":"100","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Deciphering the Role of Schwann Cells in Inflammatory Peripheral Neuropathies Post Alphavirus Infection"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Yosra","family":"Bedoui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 de Recherche Etudes Pharmaco-Immunologie (EPI), Universit\u00e9 de La R\u00e9union, CHU La R\u00e9union Site F\u00e9lix Guyon, All\u00e9e des Topazes, CS11021, 97400 Saint Denis de La R\u00e9union, France"},{"name":"Laboratoire D\u2019immunologie Clinique et Exp\u00e9rimentale de la Zone de L\u2019oc\u00e9an Indien (LICE-OI) CHU La R\u00e9union Site F\u00e9lix Guyon, All\u00e9e des Topazes, CS11021, 97400 Saint Denis de La R\u00e9union, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dauriane","family":"De Larichaudy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 de Recherche Etudes Pharmaco-Immunologie (EPI), Universit\u00e9 de La R\u00e9union, CHU La R\u00e9union Site F\u00e9lix Guyon, All\u00e9e des Topazes, CS11021, 97400 Saint Denis de La R\u00e9union, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5605-3131","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthieu","family":"Daniel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 de Recherche Etudes Pharmaco-Immunologie (EPI), Universit\u00e9 de La R\u00e9union, CHU La R\u00e9union Site F\u00e9lix Guyon, All\u00e9e des Topazes, CS11021, 97400 Saint Denis de La R\u00e9union, France"},{"name":"Laboratoire D\u2019immunologie Clinique et Exp\u00e9rimentale de la Zone de L\u2019oc\u00e9an Indien (LICE-OI) CHU La R\u00e9union Site F\u00e9lix Guyon, All\u00e9e des Topazes, CS11021, 97400 Saint Denis de La R\u00e9union, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6270-0665","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Franck","family":"Ah-Pine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 de Recherche Etudes Pharmaco-Immunologie (EPI), Universit\u00e9 de La R\u00e9union, CHU La R\u00e9union Site F\u00e9lix Guyon, All\u00e9e des Topazes, CS11021, 97400 Saint Denis de La R\u00e9union, France"},{"name":"Laboratoire D\u2019immunologie Clinique et Exp\u00e9rimentale de la Zone de L\u2019oc\u00e9an Indien (LICE-OI) CHU La R\u00e9union Site F\u00e9lix Guyon, All\u00e9e des Topazes, CS11021, 97400 Saint Denis de La R\u00e9union, France"},{"name":"Service D\u2019anatomopathologie du CHU Sud de La R\u00e9union, 97410 Saint Pierre, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jimmy","family":"Selambarom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 de Recherche Etudes Pharmaco-Immunologie (EPI), Universit\u00e9 de La R\u00e9union, CHU La R\u00e9union Site F\u00e9lix Guyon, All\u00e9e des Topazes, CS11021, 97400 Saint Denis de La R\u00e9union, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pascale","family":"Guiraud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 de Recherche Etudes Pharmaco-Immunologie (EPI), Universit\u00e9 de La R\u00e9union, CHU La R\u00e9union Site F\u00e9lix Guyon, All\u00e9e des Topazes, CS11021, 97400 Saint Denis de La R\u00e9union, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1837-8063","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philippe","family":"Gasque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 de Recherche Etudes Pharmaco-Immunologie (EPI), Universit\u00e9 de La R\u00e9union, CHU La R\u00e9union Site F\u00e9lix Guyon, All\u00e9e des Topazes, CS11021, 97400 Saint Denis de La R\u00e9union, France"},{"name":"Laboratoire D\u2019immunologie Clinique et Exp\u00e9rimentale de la Zone de L\u2019oc\u00e9an Indien (LICE-OI) CHU La R\u00e9union Site F\u00e9lix Guyon, All\u00e9e des Topazes, CS11021, 97400 Saint Denis de La R\u00e9union, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1128\/mr.58.3.491-562.1994","article-title":"The Alphaviruses: Gene Expression, Replication, and Evolution","volume":"58","author":"Strauss","year":"1994","journal-title":"Microbiol. 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