{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T22:59:29Z","timestamp":1791413969126,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,11]],"date-time":"2023-01-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1673395200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Niedersachsen-Research Network on Neuroinfectiology (N-RENNT) of the Ministry of Science and Culture of Lower Saxony"},{"name":"publication fonds of the Charit\u00e9 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Autoimmune encephalitis (AE) associated with autoantibodies against leucine-rich glioma-inactivated protein-1 (LGI1) can present with faciobrachial dystonic seizures (FBDS) and\/or limbic encephalitis (LE). The reasons for this heterogeneity in phenotypes are unclear. We performed autoantibody (abs) characterization per patient, two patients suffering from LE and two from FBDS, using isolated antibodies specified with single amino acid epitope mapping. Electrophysiological slice recordings were conducted alongside spine density measurements, postsynaptic Alpha-amino-3-hydoxy-5-methyl-4-isoaxole-proprionate-receptors (AMPA-R) and N-methyl-D-aspartate-receptors receptor (NMDA-R) cluster counting. These results were correlated with the symptoms of each patient. While LGI1 abs from LE patients mainly interacted with the Leucine-rich repeat section of LGI1, abs from both FBDS patients also recognized the Epitempin section as well. Six-hour incubation of mouse hippocampal slices with LE patients autoantibodies but not from the FBDS patients resulted in a significant decline in long-term potentiation (p = 0.0015) or short-term plasticity at CA3-CA1 neurons and in decreased hippocampal synaptic density. Cluster differentiation showed no decrease in postsynaptic AMPA-R and NMDA-R. LGI1 autoantibodies selected by phenotype show an almost distinct epitope pattern, elicit disparate functional effects on hippocampal neurons, and cause divergent effects on spine density. This data illuminates potential pathomechanisms for disease heterogeneity in LGI1 AE.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12020282","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,12]],"date-time":"2023-01-12T02:28:44Z","timestamp":1673490524000},"page":"282","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Antibody Properties Associate with Clinical Phenotype in LGI1 Encephalitis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Susann","family":"Ludewig","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cellular Neurobiology, Zoological Institute, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany"},{"name":"Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leonie","family":"Salzburger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cellular Neurobiology, Zoological Institute, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Goihl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jana","family":"Rohne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cellular Neurobiology, Zoological Institute, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Leypoldt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Christian-Albrechts-University\/University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany"},{"name":"Neuroimmunology Unit, Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein Kiel\/L\u00fcbeck, 24105 Kiel, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Bittner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany"},{"name":"German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 39120 Magdeburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emrah","family":"D\u00fczel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 39120 Magdeburg, Germany"},{"name":"Institute for Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4321-7405","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Burkhart","family":"Schraven","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany"},{"name":"Health Campus Immunology, Infection and Inflammation (GC-I3), 39120 Magdeburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6441-9631","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dirk","family":"Reinhold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany"},{"name":"Health Campus Immunology, Infection and Inflammation (GC-I3), 39120 Magdeburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Korte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cellular Neurobiology, Zoological Institute, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany"},{"name":"Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1262-6169","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"P\u00e9ter","family":"K\u00f6rtv\u00e9lyessy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany"},{"name":"German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 39120 Magdeburg, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charit\u00e9-Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin and Humboldt-Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin, 12200 Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1449","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000003173","article-title":"Anti-LGI1 encephalitis: Clinical syndrome and long-term 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