{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:46:55Z","timestamp":1760147215032,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,19]],"date-time":"2023-01-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674086400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Severe infections that culminate in sepsis are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Despite continuous efforts in basis science and clinical research, evidence based-therapy is mostly limited to basic causal and supportive measures. Adjuvant therapies often remain without clear evidence. The objective of this study was to evaluate the septic volvulus ischemia-reperfusion model in comparison to two already established models and the role of neutrophil extacellular traps (NETs) in this model. Methods: The technique of the murine model of midgut volvulus was optimized and was compared to two established models of murine sepsis, namely cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) and intra-peritoneal (i.p.) injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Results: Midgut volvulus for 15 min caused a comparable mortality (38%) as CLP (55%) and peritoneal LPS injection (25%) at 48 h. While oxidative stress was comparable, levels of circulating free DNA (cfDNA), and splenic\/hepatic and pulmonary translocation of bacteria were decreased and increased, respectively at 48 h. DNases were increased compared to the established models. Proteomic analysis revealed an upregulation of systemic Epo, IL-1b, Prdx5, Parp1, Ccl2 and IL-6 at 48 h in comparison to the healthy controls. Discussion and Conclusion: Midgut volvulus is a stable and physiological model for sepsis. Depending on the duration and subsequent tissue damage, it represents a combination of ischemia-reperfusion injury and hyperinflammation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12030366","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,19]],"date-time":"2023-01-19T04:19:40Z","timestamp":1674101980000},"page":"366","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Midgut Volvulus Adds a Murine, Neutrophil-Driven Model of Septic Condition to the Experimental Toolbox"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8479-2305","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julia","family":"Elrod","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonia","family":"Kiwit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Moritz","family":"Lenz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8587-4433","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Holger","family":"Rohde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"B\u00f6rnigen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bioinformatics Core, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Malik","family":"Alawi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bioinformatics Core, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9199-0892","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christoph","family":"Mohr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laia","family":"Pagerols Raluy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Magdalena","family":"Trochimiuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2922-9370","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jasmin","family":"Knopf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine 3-Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg (FAU) and Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Erlangen, Ulmenweg 18, 91054 Erlangen, Germany"},{"name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Immuntherapie, Friedrich-Alexander Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg (FAU) and Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Erlangen, Ulmenweg 18, 91054 Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7142-8758","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Konrad","family":"Reinshagen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0258-2484","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin","family":"Herrmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine 3-Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg (FAU) and Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Erlangen, Ulmenweg 18, 91054 Erlangen, Germany"},{"name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Immuntherapie, Friedrich-Alexander Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg (FAU) and Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Erlangen, Ulmenweg 18, 91054 Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4972-9866","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Boettcher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)32989-7","article-title":"Global, regional, and national sepsis incidence and mortality, 1990\u20132017: Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study","volume":"395","author":"Rudd","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2021.628302","article-title":"Sepsis-Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Concepts","volume":"8","author":"Jarczak","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. 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