{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T17:16:37Z","timestamp":1792602997982,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":106,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,26]],"date-time":"2023-01-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674691200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Chronic inflammation has been closely linked to the development and progression of various cancers. The epithelial\u2013mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a process involving the acquisition of mesenchymal features by carcinoma cells and is an important link between inflammation and cancer development. Inflammatory mediators in the tumour micro-environment, such as cytokines and chemokines, can promote EMT changes in cancer cells. The aim of this systematic review is to analyse the effect of cytokines on EMT in gynaecological cancers and discuss their possible therapeutic implications. A search of the databases CINAHL, Cochrane, Embase, Medline, PubMed, TRIP, and Web of Science was performed using the keywords: \u201ccytokines\u201d AND \u201cepithelial mesenchymal transition OR transformation\u201d AND \u201cgynaecological cancer\u201d. Seventy-one articles reported that various cytokines, such as TGF-\u03b2, TNF-\u03b1, IL-6, etc., promoted EMT changes in ovarian, cervical, and endometrial cancers. The EMT changes included from epithelial to mesenchymal morphological change, downregulation of the epithelial markers E-cadherin\/\u03b2-catenin, upregulation of the mesenchymal markers N-cadherin\/vimentin\/fibronectin, and upregulation of the EMT-transformation factors (EMT-TF) SNAI1\/SNAI2\/TWIST\/ZEB. Cytokine-induced EMT can lead to gynaecological cancer development and metastasis and hence novel therapies targeting the cytokines or their EMT signalling pathways could possibly prevent cancer progression, reduce cancer recurrence, and prevent drug-resistance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12030416","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,27]],"date-time":"2023-01-27T02:30:38Z","timestamp":1674786638000},"page":"416","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":62,"title":["The Role of Cytokines in Epithelial\u2013Mesenchymal Transition in Gynaecological Cancers: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Irene","family":"Ray","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Medicine, University of Surrey, Leggett Building, Daphne Jackson Road, Guildford GU2 7WG, UK"},{"name":"Royal Surrey NHS Foundation Trust, Egerton Road, Guildford GU2 7XX, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7262-6227","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Agnieszka","family":"Michael","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Medicine, University of Surrey, Leggett Building, Daphne Jackson Road, Guildford GU2 7WG, UK"},{"name":"Royal Surrey NHS Foundation Trust, Egerton Road, Guildford GU2 7XX, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisiane B.","family":"Meira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Medicine, University of Surrey, Leggett Building, Daphne Jackson Road, Guildford GU2 7WG, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia E.","family":"Ellis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Royal Surrey NHS Foundation Trust, Egerton Road, Guildford GU2 7XX, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100773","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tranon.2020.100773","article-title":"Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Cancer: A Historical Overview","volume":"6","author":"Ribatti","year":"2020","journal-title":"Transl. 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