{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T21:44:22Z","timestamp":1792100662514,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":134,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,31]],"date-time":"2023-01-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675123200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF)","award":["NRF-2020R1I1A2066868"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2020R1I1A2066868"]}]},{"name":"Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF)","award":["HF20C0038"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HF20C0038"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Health and Welfare, Republic of Korea","award":["NRF-2020R1I1A2066868"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2020R1I1A2066868"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Health and Welfare, Republic of Korea","award":["HF20C0038"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HF20C0038"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Recent evidence suggests that autophagy is a governed catabolic framework enabling the recycling of nutrients from injured organelles and other cellular constituents via a lysosomal breakdown. This mechanism has been associated with the development of various pathologic conditions, including cancer and neurological disorders; however, recently updated studies have indicated that autophagy plays a dual role in cancer, acting as a cytoprotective or cytotoxic mechanism. Numerous preclinical and clinical investigations have shown that inhibiting autophagy enhances an anticancer medicine\u2019s effectiveness in various malignancies. Autophagy antagonists, including chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine, have previously been authorized in clinical trials, encouraging the development of medication-combination therapies targeting the autophagic processes for cancer. In this review, we provide an update on the recent research examining the anticancer efficacy of combining drugs that activate cytoprotective autophagy with autophagy inhibitors. Additionally, we highlight the difficulties and progress toward using cytoprotective autophagy targeting as a cancer treatment strategy. Importantly, we must enable the use of suitable autophagy inhibitors and coadministration delivery systems in conjunction with anticancer agents. Therefore, this review briefly summarizes the general molecular process behind autophagy and its bifunctional role that is important in cancer suppression and in encouraging tumor growth and resistance to chemotherapy and metastasis regulation. We then emphasize how autophagy and cancer cells interacting with one another is a promising therapeutic target in cancer treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12030458","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T03:22:47Z","timestamp":1675221767000},"page":"458","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Recent Update and Drug Target in Molecular and Pharmacological Insights into Autophagy Modulation in Cancer Treatment and Future Progress"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6649-3694","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Md. Ataur","family":"Rahman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 1-5 Hoegidong Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6850-1245","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abu Saim Mohammad","family":"Saikat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Life Science Faculty, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4583-8731","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Md. Saidur","family":"Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science & Technology and BET Research Institute, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mobinul","family":"Islam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0246-3872","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Md. Anowar Khasru","family":"Parvez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8678-156X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bonglee","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 1-5 Hoegidong Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166326","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2021.166326","article-title":"Targeted regulation of autophagy using nanoparticles: New insight into cancer therapy","volume":"1868","author":"Paskeh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biochim. 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