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Extensive evidence has explored the involvement of microRNAs (miRNAs) in M. tb infection. Limitedly, the concrete function of microRNA-100-5p (miR-100-5p) in M. tb remains unexplored and largely elusive. In this study, using Bacillus Calmette\u2013Gu\u00e9rin (BCG) as the model strain, we validated that miR-100-5p was significantly decreased in BCG-infected THP-1 cells. miR-100-5p inhibition effectively facilitated the apoptosis of infected THP-1 cells and reduced BCG survival by regulating the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase\/AKT pathway. Further, SMARCA5 was the target of miR-100-5p and reduced after miR-100-5p overexpression. Since BCG infection down-regulated miR-100-5p in THP-1 cells, the SMARCA5 expression was up-regulated, which in turn increased apoptosis through caspase-3 and Bcl-2 and, thereby, reducing BCG intracellular survival. Collectively, the study uncovered a new molecular mechanism of macrophage to suppress mycobacterial infection through miR-100-5p and SMARCA5 pathway.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12030476","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,2]],"date-time":"2023-02-02T03:24:49Z","timestamp":1675308289000},"page":"476","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["The miR-100-5p Targets SMARCA5 to Regulate the Apoptosis and Intracellular Survival of BCG in Infected THP-1 Cells"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Li","family":"Su","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan 430070, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tingting","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan 430070, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Han","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan 430070, 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China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Changmin","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan 430070, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huanchun","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan 430070, 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