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We previously described that Faim knockout (KO) mice present structural and molecular alterations in the retina compatible with a neurodegenerative phenotype. Here, we aimed to study Faim KO retinal functions and molecular mechanisms leading to its alterations. Electroretinographic recordings showed that aged Faim KO mice present functional loss of rod photoreceptor and ganglion cells. Additionally, we found a significant delay in dark adaptation from early adult ages. This functional deficit is exacerbated by luminic stress, which also caused histopathological alterations. Interestingly, Faim KO mice present abnormal Arrestin-1 redistribution upon light reception, and we show that Arrestin-1 is ubiquitinated, a process that is abrogated by either FAIM-S or FAIM-L in vitro. Our results suggest that FAIM assists Arrestin-1 light-dependent translocation by a process that likely involves ubiquitination. In the absence of FAIM, this impairment could be the cause of dark adaptation delay and increased light sensitivity. Multiple retinal diseases are linked to deficits in photoresponse termination, and hence, investigating the role of FAIM could shed light onto the underlying mechanisms of their pathophysiology.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12030487","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,3]],"date-time":"2023-02-03T03:04:23Z","timestamp":1675393463000},"page":"487","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The Absence of FAIM Leads to a Delay in Dark Adaptation and Hampers Arrestin-1 Translocation upon Light Reception in the Retina"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Anna","family":"Sir\u00e9s","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cell Signaling and Apoptosis Group, Vall d\u2019Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), 08035 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), ISCIII, 28029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Departament de Bioqu\u00edmica i Biologia Molecular, Institut de Neuroci\u00e8ncies, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9411-0443","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mateo","family":"Pazo-Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Centro de Investigaciones Biol\u00f3gicas Margarita Salas (CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Systems Biology, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Alcal\u00e1, 28871 Alcal\u00e1 de Henares, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joaqu\u00edn","family":"L\u00f3pez-Soriano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cell Signaling and Apoptosis Group, Vall d\u2019Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), 08035 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), ISCIII, 28029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Departament de Bioqu\u00edmica i Biologia Molecular, Institut de Neuroci\u00e8ncies, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"M\u00e9ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiological Sciences, School of Medicine, Campus Universitari de Bellvitge, University of Barcelona, 08907 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Institut de Neuroci\u00e8ncies, Campus Universitari de Bellvitge, University of Barcelona, 08907 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Institut d\u2019Investigaci\u00f3 Biom\u00e8dica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Campus Universitari de Bellvitge, University of Barcelona, 08907 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Enrique J.","family":"de la Rosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Centro de Investigaciones Biol\u00f3gicas Margarita Salas (CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metab\u00f3licas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), ISCIII, 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9856-6616","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro","family":"de la Villa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Centro de Investigaciones Biol\u00f3gicas Margarita Salas (CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Systems Biology, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Alcal\u00e1, 28871 Alcal\u00e1 de Henares, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6218-0786","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joan X.","family":"Comella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cell Signaling and Apoptosis Group, Vall d\u2019Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), 08035 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), ISCIII, 28029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Departament de Bioqu\u00edmica i Biologia Molecular, Institut de Neuroci\u00e8ncies, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0846-5019","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catalina","family":"Hern\u00e1ndez-S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Centro de Investigaciones Biol\u00f3gicas Margarita Salas (CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metab\u00f3licas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), ISCIII, 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4240-6562","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Montse","family":"Sol\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cell Signaling and Apoptosis Group, Vall d\u2019Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), 08035 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), ISCIII, 28029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Departament de Bioqu\u00edmica i Biologia Molecular, Institut de Neuroci\u00e8ncies, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2012.227","article-title":"The retina as a window to the brain\u2014From eye research to CNS 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