{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T16:19:44Z","timestamp":1784045984938,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":105,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,23]],"date-time":"2023-03-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1679529600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["31972633"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31972633"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["31972087"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31972087"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["31572476"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31572476"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["31272483"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31272483"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["6212018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["6212018"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["6172022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["6172022"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of Beijing","award":["31972633"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31972633"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of Beijing","award":["31972087"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31972087"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of Beijing","award":["31572476"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31572476"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of Beijing","award":["31272483"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31272483"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of Beijing","award":["6212018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["6212018"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of Beijing","award":["6172022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["6172022"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The world is increasingly aging, and there is an urgent need to find a safe and effective way to delay the aging of the body. It is well known that the endocrine glands are one of the most important organs in the context of aging. Failure of the endocrine glands lead to an abnormal hormonal environment, which in turn leads to many age-related diseases. The aging of endocrine glands is closely linked to oxidative stress, cellular autophagy, genetic damage, and hormone secretion. The first endocrine organ to undergo aging is the pineal gland, at around 6 years old. This is followed in order by the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, adrenal glands, gonads, pancreatic islets, and thyroid gland. This paper summarises the endocrine gland aging-related genes and pathways by bioinformatics analysis. In addition, it systematically summarises the changes in the structure and function of aging endocrine glands as well as the mechanisms of aging. This study will advance research in the field of aging and help in the intervention of age-related diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12070982","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,24]],"date-time":"2023-03-24T04:31:05Z","timestamp":1679632265000},"page":"982","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["The Timing Sequence and Mechanism of Aging in Endocrine Organs"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7949-6253","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"He","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China"},{"name":"Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4818-9079","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bing","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China"},{"name":"Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zixu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2576-5977","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yaoxing","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yulan","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China"},{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2020, January 02). 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