{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T16:02:14Z","timestamp":1791820934168,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,8]],"date-time":"2023-04-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680912000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"NIDCR Grants","award":["DE025255"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DE025255"]}]},{"name":"NIDCR Grants","award":["DE027851"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DE027851"]}]},{"name":"NIDCR Grants","award":["DE028715"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DE028715"]}]},{"name":"NIDCR Grants","award":["DE029709"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DE029709"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Elevated osteoclast (OC)-mediated bone resorption, a common pathological feature between periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), implicates a possible mutually shared pathogenesis. The autoantibody to citrullinated vimentin (CV), a representative biomarker of RA, is reported to promote osteoclastogenesis (OC-genesis). However, its effect on OC-genesis in the context of periodontitis remains to be elucidated. In an in vitro experiment, the addition of exogenous CV upregulated the development of Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive multinuclear OCs from mouse bone marrow cells and increased the formation of resorption pits. However, Cl-amidine, an irreversible pan-peptidyl arginine deiminase (PAD) inhibitor, suppressed the production and secretion of CV from RANKL-stimulated OC precursors, suggesting that the citrullination of vimentin occurs in OC precursors. On the other hand, the anti-vimentin neutralizing antibody suppressed in vitro Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-\u0392 ligand (RANKL)-induced OC-genesis. The CV-induced upregulation of OC-genesis was abrogated by the Protein kinase C (PKC)-\u03b4 inhibitor Rottlerin, accompanied by the downmodulation of OC-genesis-related genes, including Osteoclast stimulatory transmembrane protein (OC-STAMP), TRAP and Matrix Metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9) as well as extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) mitogen-activated protein (MAP)-kinase phosphorylation. Elevated levels of soluble CV and vimentin-bearing mononuclear cells were found in the bone resorption lesions of periodontitis induced in mice in the absence of an anti-CV antibody. Finally, local injection of anti-vimentin neutralizing antibody suppressed the periodontal bone loss induced in mice. Collectively, these results indicated that the extracellular release of CV promoted OC-genesis and bone resorption in periodontitis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12081109","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,10]],"date-time":"2023-04-10T03:15:57Z","timestamp":1681096557000},"page":"1109","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Extracellular Release of Citrullinated Vimentin Directly Acts on Osteoclasts to Promote Bone Resorption in a Mouse Model of Periodontitis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Satoru","family":"Shindo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Science and Translational Research, College of Dental Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, 3200 South University Drive, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, 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