{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T22:15:32Z","timestamp":1788473732661,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,29]],"date-time":"2023-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685318400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Science and Technology (Taiwan)","award":["106-2314-B-182A-104-MY2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["106-2314-B-182A-104-MY2"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Science and Technology (Taiwan)","award":["CMRPG6F0413"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CMRPG6F0413"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012553","name":"Chang Gung Memorial Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["106-2314-B-182A-104-MY2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["106-2314-B-182A-104-MY2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012553","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012553","name":"Chang Gung Memorial Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CMRPG6F0413"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CMRPG6F0413"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012553","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Type 1 diabetes is an inflammatory state. Myeloid-derived suppressive cells (MDSCs) originate from immature myeloid cells and quickly expand to control host immunity during infection, inflammation, trauma, and cancer. This study presents an ex vivo procedure to develop MDSCs from bone marrow cells propagated from granulocyte\u2013macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1\u03b2 cytokines expressing immature morphology and high immunosuppression of T-cell proliferation. The adoptive transfer of cytokine-induced MDSCs (cMDSCs) improved the hyperglycemic state and prolonged the diabetes-free survival of nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice with severe combined immune deficiency (SCID) induced by reactive splenic T cells harvested from NOD mice. In addition, the application of cMDSCs reduced fibronectin production in the renal glomeruli and improved renal function and proteinuria in diabetic mice. Moreover, cMDSCs use mitigated pancreatic insulitis to restore insulin production and reduce the levels of HbA1c. In conclusion, administering cMDSCs propagated from GM-CSF, IL-6, and IL-1\u03b2 cytokines provides an alternative immunotherapy protocol for treating diabetic pancreatic insulitis and renal nephropathy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12111507","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,30]],"date-time":"2023-05-30T02:04:21Z","timestamp":1685412261000},"page":"1507","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Cytokine-Induced Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells Demonstrate Their Immunoregulatory Functions to Prolong the Survival of Diabetic Mice"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Tung-Teng","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 61302, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5710-8405","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chun-Liang","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 61302, Taiwan"},{"name":"Kidney and Diabetic Complications Research Team (KDCRT), Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 61302, Taiwan"},{"name":"College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meihua","family":"Chiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 61302, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0153-6478","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jie-Teng","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 61302, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chien-Hui","family":"Hung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan"},{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 61302, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8554-328X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ching-Chuan","family":"Hsieh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of General Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 61302, Taiwan"},{"name":"Kidney and Diabetic Complications Research Team (KDCRT), Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 61302, Taiwan"},{"name":"College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60591-7","article-title":"Type 1 Diabetes","volume":"383","author":"Atkinson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Burrack, A.-L., Martinov, T., and Fife, B.-T. 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