{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T19:44:20Z","timestamp":1792093460218,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":251,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,31]],"date-time":"2023-05-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685491200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"EU Joint Programme-Neurodegenerative Disease Research (JPND) within the 2021 JPND call for proposals: \u201cLinking pre-diagnosis disturbances of physiological systems to Neurodegenerative Diseases\u201d","award":["BMBF 01ED2204A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BMBF 01ED2204A"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a rapidly progressive neurodegenerative disorder affecting upper and lower motor neurons, with death resulting mainly from respiratory failure three to five years after symptom onset. As the exact underlying causative pathological pathway is unclear and potentially diverse, finding a suitable therapy to slow down or possibly stop disease progression remains challenging. Varying by country Riluzole, Edaravone, and Sodium phenylbutyrate\/Taurursodiol are the only drugs currently approved in ALS treatment for their moderate effect on disease progression. Even though curative treatment options, able to prevent or stop disease progression, are still unknown, recent breakthroughs, especially in the field of targeting genetic disease forms, raise hope for improved care and therapy for ALS patients. In this review, we aim to summarize the current state of ALS therapy, including medication as well as supportive therapy, and discuss the ongoing developments and prospects in the field. Furthermore, we highlight the rationale behind the intense research on biomarkers and genetic testing as a feasible way to improve the classification of ALS patients towards personalized medicine.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12111523","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,1]],"date-time":"2023-06-01T01:40:56Z","timestamp":1685583656000},"page":"1523","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":151,"title":["Current State and Future Directions in the Therapy of ALS"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-7643-3232","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"Tzeplaeff","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Rechts der Isar Hospital, Technical University of Munich, 81675 M\u00fcnchen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sibylle","family":"Wilfling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany"},{"name":"Center for Human Genetics Regensburg, 93059 Regensburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Viktoria","family":"Requardt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Formerly: Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, M\u00fcnster University Hospital (UKM), 48149 M\u00fcnster, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meret","family":"Herdick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Precision Neurology, University of L\u00fcbeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2014.184","article-title":"The phenotypic variability of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"10","author":"Swinnen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. 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