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CAR T cells combine the antigen specificity of a monoclonal antibody with the cytotoxic \u2018power\u2019 of T-lymphocytes through expression of a transgene encoding the scFv domain, CD3 activation molecule, and co-stimulatory domains. Although, very rarely, fatal cytokine-release syndrome may occur, CAR T-cell therapy gives patients with refractory CD19-positive B-lymphoid malignancies an important further therapeutic option. However, low-level expression of epithelial tumour-associated-antigens on non-malignant cells makes the application of CAR T-cell technology to common solid cancers challenging, as does the potentially limited ability of CAR T cells to traffic outside the blood\/lymphoid microenvironment into metastatic lesions. Despite this, in advanced neuroblastoma refractory to standard therapy, 60% long-term overall survival and an objective response in 63% was achieved with anti GD2-specific CAR T cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12121586","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,8]],"date-time":"2023-06-08T03:29:48Z","timestamp":1686194988000},"page":"1586","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["CAR T-Cell Therapy for Cancer: Latest Updates and Challenges, with a Focus on B-Lymphoid Malignancies and Selected Solid Tumours"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Hiu Kwan Carolyn","family":"Tang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology, Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham NG5 1PB, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Cambridge, Trinity Hall, Cambridge CB3 9DP, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui Xian","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology, Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham NG5 1PB, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Adeel","family":"Sarwar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology, Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham NG5 1PB, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bahaaeldin","family":"Baraka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology, Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham NG5 1PB, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tahir","family":"Shafiq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology, Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham NG5 1PB, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ankit R.","family":"Rao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology, Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham NG5 1PB, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2353s","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-05-2503","article-title":"Cytokine-based therapy and biochemotherapy for advanced melanoma","volume":"12","author":"Atkins","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin. 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