{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T02:02:53Z","timestamp":1787968973468,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,16]],"date-time":"2023-06-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1686873600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is produced by the placenta and its roles have been studied for over a century, being the first known pregnancy-related protein. Although its main role is to stimulate the production of progesterone by corpus luteal cells, hCG does not represent just one biologically active molecule, but a group of at least five variants, produced by different cells and each with different functions. The hyperglycosylated variant of hCG (H-hCG) plays a key role in trophoblast invasion, placental development and fetal growth. During trophoblast invasion, H-hCG promotes extravillous cytotrophoblast cells to infiltrate the decidua, and also to colonize and remodel the spiral arteries in to low resistance, larger-diameter vessels. As fetal growth is heavily reliant on nutrient availability, impaired trophoblast invasion and remodeling of the uterine arteries, leads to a defective perfusion of the placenta and fetal growth restriction. Understanding the function of H-hCG in the evolution of the placenta might unveil new ways to manage and treat fetal growth restriction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12121647","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,16]],"date-time":"2023-06-16T08:56:01Z","timestamp":1686905761000},"page":"1647","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Hyperglycosylated-hCG: Its Role in Trophoblast Invasion and Intrauterine Growth Restriction"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3300-9944","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catalin Gabriel","family":"Herghelegiu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institutul National pentru Sanatatea Mamei si a Copilului \u201cAlessandrescu Rusescu\u201d, 020395 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8800-3772","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alina","family":"Veduta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Filantropia Hospital, 011171 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miruna Florina","family":"Stefan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, University and Emergency Hospital, 050098 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3913-4714","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefania Lucia","family":"Magda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, University and Emergency Hospital, 050098 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, 020021 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iuliana","family":"Ionascu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agronomical Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 011464 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viorica Elena","family":"Radoi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, 020021 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela Nuti","family":"Oprescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institutul National pentru Sanatatea Mamei si a Copilului \u201cAlessandrescu Rusescu\u201d, 020395 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, 020021 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alina Mihaela","family":"Calin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicine and Pharmacy Faculty, Dunarea de Jos University, 800008 Galati, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"63","article-title":"Experimentalle Histologische Studie Zur Genese Corpus Luteum","volume":"23","author":"Hirose","year":"1919","journal-title":"Mitt. 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