{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T23:48:57Z","timestamp":1792540137022,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":231,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,11]],"date-time":"2023-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1691712000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The cholinergic system plays an essential role in brain development, physiology, and pathophysiology. Herein, we review how specific alterations in this system, through genetic mutations or abnormal receptor function, can lead to aberrant neural circuitry that triggers disease. The review focuses on the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) and its role in addiction and in neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases and epilepsy. Cholinergic dysfunction is associated with inflammatory processes mainly through the involvement of \u03b17 nAChRs expressed in brain and in peripheral immune cells. Evidence suggests that these neuroinflammatory processes trigger and aggravate pathological states. We discuss the preclinical evidence demonstrating the therapeutic potential of nAChR ligands in Alzheimer disease, Parkinson disease, schizophrenia spectrum disorders, and in autosomal dominant sleep-related hypermotor epilepsy. PubMed and Google Scholar bibliographic databases were searched with the keywords indicated below.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12162051","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,11]],"date-time":"2023-08-11T10:33:23Z","timestamp":1691750003000},"page":"2051","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Dysfunction in Addiction and in Some Neurodegenerative and Neuropsychiatric Diseases"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Ana Sof\u00eda","family":"Vall\u00e9s","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Bah\u00eda Blanca Institute of Biochemical Research (UNS-CONICET), Bah\u00eda Blanca 8000, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4745-681X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisco J.","family":"Barrantes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Argentina\u2014National Scientific and Technical Research Council, Av. Alicia Moreau de Justo 1600, Buenos Aires C1107AFF, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jaiteh, M., Taly, A., and H\u00e9nin, J. (2016). Evolution of Pentameric Ligand-Gated Ion Channels: Pro-Loop Receptors. PLoS ONE, 11.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0151934"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4419-6445-8_3","article-title":"Diversity of insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits","volume":"683","author":"Jones","year":"2010","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. 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