{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T13:35:56Z","timestamp":1779888956447,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,19]],"date-time":"2023-08-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1692403200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Allysta Pharmaceuticals Inc","award":["PDR\/T.0026.21"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PDR\/T.0026.21"]}]},{"name":"Belgian Telethon (ABMM)","award":["PDR\/T.0026.21"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PDR\/T.0026.21"]}]},{"name":"French Association against Myopathies (AFM T\u00e9l\u00e9thon)","award":["PDR\/T.0026.21"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PDR\/T.0026.21"]}]},{"name":"Fund for Scientific Research\u2014FNRS","award":["PDR\/T.0026.21"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PDR\/T.0026.21"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is one of the most devastating myopathies, where severe inflammation exacerbates disease progression. Previously, we demonstrated that adiponectin (ApN), a hormone with powerful pleiotropic effects, can efficiently improve the dystrophic phenotype. However, its practical therapeutic application is limited. In this study, we investigated ALY688, a small peptide ApN receptor agonist, as a potential novel treatment for DMD. Four-week-old mdx mice were subcutaneously treated for two months with ALY688 and then compared to untreated mdx and wild-type mice. In vivo and ex vivo tests were performed to assess muscle function and pathophysiology. Additionally, in vitro tests were conducted on human DMD myotubes. Our results showed that ALY688 significantly improved the physical performance of mice and exerted potent anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative and anti-fibrotic actions on the dystrophic muscle. Additionally, ALY688 hampered myonecrosis, partly mediated by necroptosis, and enhanced the myogenic program. Some of these effects were also recapitulated in human DMD myotubes. ALY688\u2019s protective and beneficial properties were mainly mediated by the AMPK-PGC-1\u03b1 axis, which led to suppression of NF-\u03ba\u03b2 and TGF-\u03b2. Our results demonstrate that an ApN mimic may be a promising and effective therapeutic prospect for a better management of DMD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12162101","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,21]],"date-time":"2023-08-21T01:38:31Z","timestamp":1692581911000},"page":"2101","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["The Adiponectin Receptor Agonist, ALY688: A Promising Therapeutic for Fibrosis in the Dystrophic Muscle"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4258-0579","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicolas","family":"Dubuisson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition Unit, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Medical Sector, Universit\u00e9 Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Avenue Hippocrate 55, 1200 Brussels, Belgium"},{"name":"Neuromuscular Reference Center, Department of Neurology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Brussels, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6096-3122","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Romain","family":"Versele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition Unit, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Medical Sector, Universit\u00e9 Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Avenue Hippocrate 55, 1200 Brussels, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2551-3115","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria A.","family":"Davis-L\u00f3pez de Carrizosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition Unit, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Medical Sector, Universit\u00e9 Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Avenue Hippocrate 55, 1200 Brussels, Belgium"},{"name":"Departamento de Fisiolog\u00eda, Facultad de Biolog\u00eda, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Seville, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camille M.","family":"Selvais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition Unit, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Medical Sector, Universit\u00e9 Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Avenue Hippocrate 55, 1200 Brussels, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurence","family":"Noel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition Unit, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Medical Sector, Universit\u00e9 Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Avenue Hippocrate 55, 1200 Brussels, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6037-6147","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chlo\u00e9","family":"Planchon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition Unit, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Medical Sector, Universit\u00e9 Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Avenue Hippocrate 55, 1200 Brussels, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter Y. K.","family":"Van den Bergh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuromuscular Reference Center, Department of Neurology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Brussels, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sonia M.","family":"Brichard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition Unit, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Medical Sector, Universit\u00e9 Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Avenue Hippocrate 55, 1200 Brussels, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michel","family":"Abou-Samra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition Unit, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Medical Sector, Universit\u00e9 Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Avenue Hippocrate 55, 1200 Brussels, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00028.2001","article-title":"Function and genetics of dystrophin and dystrophin-related proteins in muscle","volume":"82","author":"Blake","year":"2002","journal-title":"Physiol. 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