{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T18:03:07Z","timestamp":1787162587774,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,26]],"date-time":"2023-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693008000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Science Center","award":["2022\/06\/X\/NZ5\/00356"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022\/06\/X\/NZ5\/00356"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005297","name":"Medical University of Bialystok","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["B.SUB.23.358"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["B.SUB.23.358"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005297","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Psoriasis is a frequent and incurable skin disease whose pathogenesis is still not fully understood. It is characterized by immune disturbances leading to hyperproliferation and improper differentiation of keratinocytes. Gasdermin E (GSDME) is a protein from the gasdermin family involved in the processes of inflammation and cell death based on apoptosis, necroptosis and pyroptosis. It has never been studied in psoriatics\u2019 sera or urine before. Our study enrolled 60 patients with psoriasis and 30 volunteers without dermatoses as controls. Serum and urinary GSDME concentrations were examined by ELISA and tissue expression of GSDME by immunohistochemistry. Serum GSDME concentration was significantly higher in patients than controls (p &lt; 0.05). There were no differences in urinary GSDME concentrations between patients and controls. GSDME expression was significantly higher in the psoriatic plaque than non-lesional patients\u2019 skin and compared to controls (both p &lt; 0.001). There was no correlation between serum GSDME or its lesional expression and psoriasis severity, age or disease duration. GSDME serum concentration was significantly negatively correlated with BMI, triglycerides and glucose concentrations. The obtained results suggest the engagement of GSDME in psoriasis pathogenesis. It could potentially become a new non-invasive psoriasis marker. Considering its pro-apoptotic influence, GSDME could be compensatively elevated to direct cells towards apoptosis, whereas under other circumstances, it may lead to pyroptosis and sustain inflammation. GSDME may exert a protective influence on the metabolic complications in psoriasis which requires further studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12172149","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,28]],"date-time":"2023-08-28T02:23:25Z","timestamp":1693189405000},"page":"2149","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Gasdermin E (GSDME)\u2014A New Potential Marker of Psoriasis and Its Metabolic Complications: The First Combined Study on Human Serum, Urine and Tissue"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6870-1167","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julia","family":"Nowowiejska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University of Bialystok, 14 Zurawia St., 15-540 Bialystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8018-9960","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Baran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University of Bialystok, 14 Zurawia St., 15-540 Bialystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2786-7179","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Pryczynicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Pathomorphology, Medical University of Bialystok, 13 Waszyngtona St., 15-269 Bialystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3985-4244","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Justyna Magdalena","family":"Hermanowicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Bialystok, 2C Mickiewicza St., 15-089 Bialystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beata","family":"Sieklucka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Bialystok, 2C Mickiewicza St., 15-089 Bialystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3751-0608","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dariusz","family":"Pawlak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Bialystok, 2C Mickiewicza St., 15-089 Bialystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5923-910X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iwona","family":"Flisiak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University of Bialystok, 14 Zurawia St., 15-540 Bialystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"97","article-title":"Current Developments in the Immunology of Psoriasis","volume":"93","author":"Kerstan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Yale J. Biol. Med."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hirotsu, C., Rydlewski, M., Ara\u00fajo, M.S., Tufik, S., and Andersen, M.L. (2012). Sleep loss and cytokines levels in an experimental model of psoriasis. PLoS ONE, 7.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0051183"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2581","DOI":"10.1080\/15384101.2019.1653099","article-title":"Skin immunity and its dysregulation in psoriasis","volume":"18","author":"Lanna","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Cycle"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-021-04284-5","article-title":"Inhibition of keratinocyte ferroptosis suppresses psoriatic inflammation","volume":"12","author":"Shou","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-032713-120225","article-title":"Immunology of psoriasis","volume":"32","author":"Lowes","year":"2014","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcb.2017.05.005","article-title":"Gasdermins: Effectors of Pyroptosis","volume":"27","author":"Kovacs","year":"2017","journal-title":"Trends Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"337","article-title":"Gasdermin family proteins as a permeabilization factor of cell membrane in pyroptosis process","volume":"75","author":"Ciepluch","year":"2021","journal-title":"Postep. Hig. Med. Dosw."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751533","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.751533","article-title":"The Versatile Gasdermin Family: Their Function and Roles in Diseases","volume":"12","author":"Zou","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855828","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.855828","article-title":"Gasdermin E: A Prospective Target for Therapy of Diseases","volume":"13","author":"Liao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345211073072","article-title":"GSDME Is Related to Prognosis and Response to Chemotherapy in Oral Cancer","volume":"101","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Dent. Res."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nowowiejska, J., Baran, A., Hermanowicz, J.M., Pryczynicz, A., Sieklucka, B., Pawlak, D., and Flisiak, I. (2023). Gasdermin D (GSDMD) Is Upregulated in Psoriatic Skin\u2014A New Potential Link in the Pathogenesis of Psoriasis. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 24.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241713047"},{"key":"ref_12","unstructured":"(2023, March 02). Helsinki Declaration. Available online: https:\/\/www.wma.net\/policies-post\/wma-declaration-of-helsinki-ethical-principles-for-medical-research-involving-human-subjects\/."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-022-03566-6","article-title":"Evidence of pyroptosis and ferroptosis extensively involved in autoimmune diseases at the single-cell transcriptome level","volume":"20","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Transl. Med."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6525","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-013-2581-8","article-title":"The Expression and Regulation of DFNA5 in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma DFNA5 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma","volume":"40","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Rep."},{"key":"ref_15","unstructured":"Kong, Y.H. (2013). The Biological Function and Deaf Mechanism of DFNA5. [Master\u2019s Thesis, Shandong University]."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17446","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-17782-4","article-title":"Epidermal cornification is preceded by the expression of a keratinocyte-specific set of pyroptosis-related genes","volume":"7","author":"Lachner","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"894","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13162","article-title":"Butyrate rather Than LPS Subverts Gingival Epithelial Homeostasis by Downregulation of Intercellular Junctions and Triggering Pyroptosis","volume":"46","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Clin. Periodontol."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1002\/art.41963","article-title":"Attenuation of Rheumatoid Arthritis through the Inhibition of Tumor Necrosis Factor-Induced Caspase 3\/Gasdermin E-Mediated Pyroptosis","volume":"74","author":"Zhai","year":"2022","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5341247","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/5341247","article-title":"CD147 Aggravated Inflammatory Bowel Disease by Triggering NF-\u039ab-Mediated Pyroptosis","volume":"2020","author":"Xu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomed. Res. Int."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1417","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2018.3631","article-title":"Association of Psoriasis with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","volume":"154","author":"Fu","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2021.09.004","article-title":"Oncostatin M sensitizes keratinocytes to UVB-induced inflammation via GSDME-mediated pyroptosis","volume":"104","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Dermatol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2020.08.014","article-title":"Ultraviolet B induces proteolytic cleavage of the pyroptosis inducer gasdermin E in keratinocytes","volume":"100","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Dermatol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-022-05276-9","article-title":"GSDME deficiency leads to the aggravation of UVB-induced skin inflammation through enhancing recruitment and activation of neutrophils","volume":"13","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104404","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104404","article-title":"Gasdermin E mediates pyroptotic cell death of neutrophils and macrophages in a zebrafish model of chronic skin inflammation","volume":"132","author":"Tyrkalska","year":"2022","journal-title":"Dev. Comp. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.det.2014.09.004","article-title":"Psoriasis Is a Systemic Disease with Multiple Cardiovascular and Metabolic Comorbidities","volume":"33","author":"Ryan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Dermatol. Clin."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1073","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2018.11.058","article-title":"Joint AAD-NPF guidelines of care for the management and treatment of psoriasis with awareness and attention to comorbidities","volume":"80","author":"Elmets","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Dermatol."}],"container-title":["Cells"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-4409\/12\/17\/2149\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]],"date-time":"2026-01-30T11:21:49Z","timestamp":1769772109000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-4409\/12\/17\/2149"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,26]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"17","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]}},"alternative-id":["cells12172149"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cells12172149","relation":{},"ISSN":["2073-4409"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2073-4409","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,26]]}}}