{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T11:43:51Z","timestamp":1768563831540,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,15]],"date-time":"2023-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1694736000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Jaseng Medical Foundation, Korea","award":["HF21C0100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HF21C0100"]}]},{"name":"Traditional Korean Medicine Research and Development Program of the Korean Health Industry Development Institute (KHIDI)","award":["HF21C0100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HF21C0100"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Health and Welfare, Republic of Korea","award":["HF21C0100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HF21C0100"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Epidural administration is the leading therapeutic option for the management of pain associated with lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS), which is characterized by compression of the nerve root due to narrowing of the spinal canal. Corticosteroids are effective in alleviating LSS-related pain but can lead to complications with long-term use. Recent studies have focused on identifying promising medications administered epidurally to affected spinal regions. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effectiveness of harpagoside (HAS) as an epidural medication in rats with LSS. HAS at various concentrations was effective for neuroprotection against ferrous sulfate damage and consequent promotion of axonal outgrowth in primary spinal cord neurons. When two concentrations of HAS (100 and 200 \u03bcg\/kg) were administered to the rat LSS model via the epidural space once a day for 4 weeks, the inflammatory responses around the silicone block used for LSS were substantially reduced. Consistently, pain-related factors were significantly suppressed by the epidural administration of HAS. The motor functions of rats with LSS significantly improved. These findings suggest that targeted delivery of HAS directly to the affected area via epidural injection holds promise as a potential treatment option for the recovery of patients with LSS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12182281","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,15]],"date-time":"2023-09-15T04:49:27Z","timestamp":1694753367000},"page":"2281","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Epidural Injection of Harpagoside for the Recovery of Rats with Lumbar Spinal Stenosis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Jin Young","family":"Hong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, Seoul 135-896, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hyun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, Seoul 135-896, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Changhwan","family":"Yeo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, Seoul 135-896, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Junseon","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, Seoul 135-896, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wan-Jin","family":"Jeon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, Seoul 135-896, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoon Jae","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, Seoul 135-896, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5020-6723","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"In-Hyuk","family":"Ha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, Seoul 135-896, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"h6234","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.h6234","article-title":"Management of lumbar spinal stenosis","volume":"352","author":"Lurie","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2009.90","article-title":"Lumbar spinal stenosis: Syndrome, diagnostics and treatment","volume":"5","author":"Siebert","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. 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